Qiang Gyalrong languages

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Qiang Gyalrong languages are a subgroup of the Tibetan Burman languages , a primary branch of Sinotibetic . The twelve languages ​​are spoken by 500,000 people, mainly in southern China in the Sichuan province . Qiang-Gyalrong consists of the two branches Xixia-Qiang and Gyalrong , which form generally recognized genetic units . The most important individual languages ​​are Qiang with 130,000 speakers and Gyarong (also Gyalrong, rGyalrong or Jiarong) with 140,000 speakers, both are spoken in north-central Sichuan. The Xixia-Qiang branch also includes Xixia or Tangut, the extinct language of the Tangut Empire (11th - 13th centuries).

Classification and subunits

literature

Qiang Gyalrong

  • Randy J. LaPolla: Qiang. In: Thurgood - LaPolla 2003, pp. 573-587.
  • Picus Sizhi Ding: Prinmi: A Sketch of Niuwozi. In: Thurgood - LaPolla 2003, pp. 588-601.
  • Gong Hwang-Cherng: Tangut. In: Thurgood - LaPolla 2003, pp. 602-620.
  • Ksenia Kepping , Christopher Beckwith: A Preliminary Glossary of Tangut from Tibetan Transcriptions. In: Beckwith 2002, pp. 185-187.
  • Yasuhiko Nagano: Cogtse Gyarong. In: Thurgood - LaPolla 2003, pp. 469-489.
  • Jackson Sun: Caodeng rGyalrong. In: Thurgood - LaPolla 2003, pp. 490-502.

Tibeto Burmese

  • Christopher I. Beckwith (Ed.): Medieval Tibeto-Burman Languages (= International Association for Tibetan Studies: Proceedings of the seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies. Vol. 9 = Brill's Tibetan Studies Library. Vol. 2, 6). Brill, Leiden / Boston / Cologne 2002, ISBN 90-04-12424-1 .
  • Paul K. Benedict: Sino-Tibetan. A Conspectus (= Princeton-Cambridge Studies in Chinese Linguistics. Vol. 2). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1972, ISBN 0-521-08175-0 .
  • Scott DeLancey: Sino-Tibetan Languages. In: Bernard Comrie (Ed.): The World's Major Languages. Oxford University Press, New York NY et al. 1990, ISBN 0-19-520521-9 , pp. 797-810.
  • Austin Hale: Research on Tibeto-Burman Languages (= Trends in Linguistics. State-of-the-art Reports. Vol. 14). Mouton, Berlin / New York NY / Amsterdam 1982, ISBN 90-279-3379-0 .
  • James A. Matisoff: Handbook of Proto-Tibeto-Burman. System and philosophy of Sino-Tibetan reconstruction (= University of California Publications in Linguistics. Vol. 135). University of California Press, Berkeley et al. 2003, ISBN 0-520-09843-9 .
  • Anju Saxena (Ed.): Himalayan Languages. Past and present (= Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs. Vol. 149). Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin / New York NY 2004, ISBN 3-11-017841-9 .
  • Graham Thurgood, Randy J. LaPolla (eds.): The Sino-Tibetan languages (= Routledge Language Family Series. Vol. 3). Routledge, London [u. a.] 2003, ISBN 0-7007-1129-5 .
  • George van Driem: Languages ​​of the Himalayas. An ethnolinguistic Handbook of the greater Himalayan Region. Containing an Introduction to the Symbiotic Theory of Language (= Handbuch der Orientalistik. Dept. 2: India. Vol. 10). 2 volumes. Brill, Leiden et al. 2001, ISBN 90-04-12062-9 (vol. 1), ISBN 90-04-12063-7 (vol. 2).

Web links