Hacınebi
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Location of Hacınebi in Turkey |
Hacınebi is a Copper Age settlement on the Upper Euphrates , in the province of Şanlıurfa / Turkey , between Birecik and Zeugma . The low hill has an area of 3.3 hectares and consists of approximately 9 m thick layers of settlement.
Research history
The hill was discovered by G. Algaze. It has been excavated since 1992 by the Museum of Şanlıurfa and Northwestern University under the direction of Adnan Misir .
history
In settlement phase A (Amq F / G) there was no contact with Mesopotamia , while in phase B a clear Uruk influence (medium Uruk culture ) can be perceived. Uruk seals, clay bulls and ceramics were found, and the architecture also shows Mesopotamian influence ( middle hall house , clay pen mosaics ). There was also an indigenous glyptic tradition. Bitumen was imported in blocks and used to waterproof ceramics.
The phase A settlement was surrounded by a wall. Greenstone ( chlorite ) artifacts document long-distance trade with the Persian highlands. Phase A also includes settlement burials of children in jugs and saucepans. Grave goods are missing.
Later layers are Achaemenid and Roman . The settlement belonged to the province of Mesopotamia and in Roman times to the Kingdom of Commagene .
Trading colonies
Other so-called trading colonies at that time were Samsat in Turkey, Habuba Kabira South, Qayra and Jebel Aruda in Syria , Godin Tepe in Iran and Tell Brak .
literature
- Gil Stein , Reinhard Bernbeck et al .: Uruk colonies and Anatolian Communities . In: American Journal of Archeology , Vol. 100 (1996), Issue 2, pp. 205-260, ISSN 0002-9114 .
Web links
- Prof. Gil J. Stein on the excavations near Hacınebi. Archived from the original on August 18, 2007 ; accessed on January 6, 2019 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hacınebi Tepe at vici.org. Retrieved January 6, 2019 .