Hand bones
The hand bones (lat. Ossa manus ) form the bony support of the hand or the forefoot. There are 27 hand bones in humans. They are divided into three groups:
- Carpal bones ( Ossa carpi )
- Metacarpal bone ( metacarpal bone )
- Finger bones ( Ossa digitorum manus )
Carpal bones ( Ossa carpi )
The eight carpal bones are in two rows of four bones each. They are therefore called carpal bones close to the body (proximal) and distal (distal).
The proximal carpal bones ( ossa carpi ) near the body include (starting on the thumb side outwards):
- Scaphoid bone ( os scaphoideum , obsolete os naviculare )
- Moon bone ( os lunatum )
- Triangular leg ( os triquetrum )
- Pea bone ( os pisiforme )
The distal carpal bones include (starting on the thumb side outwards):
- Large polygonal bone ( trapezium )
- Small polygonal bone ( trapezoid bone )
- Head bone ( os capitatum )
- Hook bone ( os hamatum )
The carpal bones can be remembered with the help of the following verse:
- A barge that travels in the moon enschein
- in the triangle around the pea bone .
- Large polygon, small polygon ,
- the head must be on the hook .
Metacarpal bone (metacarpal bone)
The metacarpal bones are called the metacarpals IV ( primum, secundum, tertium, quartum, quintum ) beginning on the thumb side .
Finger bones (Ossa digitorum manus)
The finger bones are divided into the following bones:
- Phalanx proximalis IV (finger bones close to the body, phalanx , towards the wrist)
- Phalanx media II-V (middle finger bone)
- Phalanx distalis IV (finger bone distant from the body, phalanx ).
The middle phalanx of the middle finger is referred to as the phalanx media III . The thumb consists of only two limbs, the proximal and distal phalanges.
literature
- Franz-Viktor Salomon: musculoskeletal system . In: Franz-Viktor Salomon et al. (Hrsg.): Anatomie für die Tiermedizin . Enke-Verlag, Stuttgart 2004, pp. 22-234. ISBN 3-8304-1007-7
- W. Platzer: Pocket Atlas of Anatomy, Volume 1 - Musculoskeletal System . Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, p. 124. ISBN 3-13-492009-3