ZEIT library of 100 books

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The ZEIT library of 100 books was a pedagogically ambitious series of articles by the feature section of the weekly newspaper Die Zeit . Begun in 1978, a review of a work of world literature was published week after week for the next two years.

In 1980 a book edition of these essays was published by Suhrkamp Verlag , edited by Fritz J. Raddatz , the sales success of which confirmed the great interest in this type of canon formation ; the collection of essays is available in the unchanged 13th edition in 2009.

The success of the company led to the project being expanded five years later to include a ZEIT library collection of 100 non-fiction books , and the 1984 book edition was again provided by Raddatz as editor. Finally, a series of articles followed in 2002 and 2003 that proposed a reading canon for schoolchildren comprising 50 works, the ZEIT school library .

ZEIT library of 100 books

On the basis of the observation that in a recent study on reading behavior the reception of “beautiful literature” was far behind various types of reference works and non-fiction books, the declared aim was to teach reading, to seduce you to read.

The selection of the works was made by a six-member jury ( Rudolf Walter Leonhardt , Hans Mayer , Rolf Michaelis , Fritz J. Raddatz , Peter Wapnewski and Dieter E. Zimmer ), which also invited the reviewers. Some of the works were presented by the jury members themselves, but most of the reviewers were not professional literary critics , but rather well-known writers themselves. Their subjective perspective on the works based on their own reading experience and enthusiasm is part of the appeal of the collection for many readers. With its selection committee of literary experts, the ZEIT Canon differs conceptually from approaches in France and Great Britain. The BBC let a large number of readers vote and thus compiled a list of the 100 most important books . The French magazine Le Monde initially had the 200 most important books in world literature of the 20th century determined by a commission of experts and then carried out a reader vote on the 100 books of the century among them .

The jury laid down five "rules of the game" for the selection (introduction by the editor, book edition, p. 8):

List of reviewed works

No. author title year reviewer
1 various The Bible Rudolf Augstein
2 Homer Odyssey 8th century BC Chr. Herbert Bannert
3 Plato Apology 399 BC Chr. Urs Jaeggi
4th Virgil Aeneid 19 BC Chr. Bernhard Kytzler
5 Tacitus Germania 98 AD Heinrich Boell
6th Longos Daphnis and Chloe 3rd century AD Bernhard Kytzler
7th Augustine Confessions around 400 Golo man
8th ( Antoine Galland , translator, editor) The stories from the thousand and one nights Iring fetcher
9 Wolfram von Eschenbach Parzival approx. 1200-1210 Peter Wapnewski
10 Gottfried of Strasbourg Tristan around 1210 Peter Wapnewski
11 unknown The Nibelungenlied Early 13th century Peter Wapnewski
12 Dante Alighieri The Divine Comedy circa 1320 Horst Rudiger
13 Giovanni Boccaccio The decameron around 1350 Herbert Heckmann
14th Thomas More Utopia 1516 Rudolf Augstein
15th François Rabelais Gargantua and Pantagruel 1532 - 1564 Herbert Heckmann
16 Michel de Montaigne Essays 1572 - 1592 Rolf Michaelis
17th Hans Jakob Christoffel of Grimmelshausen The adventurous Simplicissimus 1668 Günter Kunert
18th Blaise Pascal Pensées 1670 Iring fetcher
19th Daniel Defoe Robinson Crusoe 1719 Ulrich Greiner
20th Jonathan Swift Gulliver's Travels 1726 Eberhard Lämmert
21st Henry Fielding Tom Jones 1749 Ludwig Harig
22nd Laurence Stars Life and views of Tristram Shandy, gentleman 1759 - 1767 Rudolf Walter Leonhardt
23 Voltaire Candide 1759 Robert Minder
24 Johann Wolfgang Goethe The Sorrows of Young Werther 1774 Reinhard Lettau
25th Gotthold Ephraim Lessing Anti-Goeze 1778 Dieter Hildebrandt
26th Jean-Jacques Rousseau The Confessions 1782 , 1789 Rolf Michaelis
27 Karl Philipp Moritz Anton Reiser 1785 - 1790 Peter Laemmle
28 Immanuel Kant To eternal peace 1795 Rudolf Walter Leonhardt
29 Ulrich Bräker The poor man in Tockenburg 1789 Peter Wapnewski
30th Friedrich von Schiller Aesthetic fonts 1795 Hans Platschek
31 Denis Diderot Jacques the fatalist and his master 1796 Helmut Heißenbüttel
32 Jean Paul Siebenkäs 1796 - 1797 Leo Kreutzer
33 Friedrich Holderlin Hyperion 1797 , 1799 Rolf Michaelis
34 Georg Christoph Lichtenberg Sudel books 1764 - 1799 Klaus Schröter
35 Johann Wolfgang Goethe Elective Affinities 1809 Reinhard Baumgart
36 Heinrich von Kleist stories Eberhard Lämmert
37 Johann Peter Lever The treasure chest of the Rhenish family friend 1811 Hartmut von Hentig
38 the brothers Grimm Children's and Household Tales 1812 , 1814 Hartmut von Hentig
39 ETA Hoffmann The cat Murr and Kreisler 1819 , 1821 Hans Mayer
40 Giacomo Casanova story of my life 1822 - 1828 Manès Sparrowhawk
41 Joseph von Eichendorff From the life of a good-for-nothing 1826 Petra Kipphoff
42 Stendhal Red and black 1830 Luise Rinser
43 Georg Buechner Lenz 1839 Peter Schneider
44 Honoré de Balzac Lost illusions 1837 - 1843 Hans-Jörg Neuschäfer
45 Charles Dickens Oliver Twist 1838 Ludwig Harig
46 Nikolai Gogol The dead souls 1842 Horst Bienek
47 Søren Kierkegaard Either ... or 1843 Heinz Josef Herbort
48 Heinrich Heine Germany. A winterstory 1844 Wolf Biermann
49 Edgar Allan Poe Fantastic stories 1832-1849 Dieter E. Zimmer
50 Herman Melville Moby Dick 1851 Rolf Hochhuth
51 Arthur Schopenhauer Parerga and Paralipomena 1851 Rudolf Walter Leonhardt
52 Karl Marx The eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte 1852 Oskar Negt
53 Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale 1835-1848 Egon Monk
54 Gottfried Keller The green Heinrich 1854 - 1855 Adolf Muschg
55 Gustave Flaubert Madame Bovary 1856 Eberhard Lämmert
56 Ivan Goncharov Oblomov 1859 Hans J. Fröhlich
57 Victor Hugo The wretched 1862 Hanns Grössel
58 Lewis Carroll Alice in Wonderland 1865 Dieter E. Zimmer
59 Ivan Turgenev Fathers and sons 1862 Reinhard Baumgart
60 Wilhelm Raabe Abu Telfan or The Homecoming from the Moon Mountains 1867 Hans Mayer
61 Leo Tolstoy war and peace 1868 - 1869 Walter Kempowski
62 Adalbert Stifter stories 1869 Ilse Aichinger
63 Fyodor Dostoevsky The demons 1873 Luise Rinser
64 Friedrich Nietzsche humanly, all-to-humanly 1878-1880 Rudolf Walter Leonhardt
65 Emile Zola Germinal 1885 Günter Wallraff
66 August Strindberg Son of a maid 1886 Helmut Heißenbüttel
67 Knut Hamsun hunger 1890 Gabriele Wohmann
68 Oscar Wilde The portrait of Dorian Gray 1891 Rudolf Walter Leonhardt
69 Anton Chekhov stories 1883- 1888 Peter Urban
70 Theodor Fontane The Stechlin 1899 Peter Härtling
71 Thomas Mann Buddenbrooks 1901 Hans Mayer
72 Robert Musil The confusions of the pupil Törless 1906 Thomas Brasch
73 Rainer Maria Rilke The notes of Malte Laurids Brigge 1910 Jürgen Becker
74 Heinrich Mann The subject 1918 Alfred Kantorowicz
75 Marcel Proust In Search of Lost Time 1913 -1927 Walter Mehring
76 Jaroslav Hašek The adventures of the good soldier Schweik 1921-1923 Pavel Kohout
77 James Joyce Ulysses 1922 Wolfgang Hildesheimer
78 John Dos Passos Manhattan transfer 1925 Siegfried Lenz
79 Franz Kafka The lock 1926 Dieter E. Zimmer
80 Hermann Hesse The steppe wolf 1927 Petra Kipphoff
81 Alfred Doblin Berlin Alexanderplatz 1929 Rainer Werner Fassbinder
82 Ernst Bloch traces 1930 Fritz J. Raddatz
83 Sigmund Freud The discomfort in culture 1930 Hermann Glaser
84 Leon Trotsky My life 1929 Christian Gneuss
85 William Faulkner Light in August 1932 Hans C. Blumenberg
86 Franz Kafka stories Hans Mayer
87 André Gide Diaries 1934 - 1997 Hans Mayer
88 Anna Seghers The seventh cross 1942 Susanne Schäfer
89 Albert Camus The stranger 1942 Reinhard Baumgart
90 Heinrich Boell stories 1948- 1995 Wolfgang Weyrauch
91 Jean Genet Querelle 1947 Fritz J. Raddatz
92 Ernest Hemingway the old Man and the Sea 1952 Dieter E. Zimmer
93 Max Frisch Quieter 1954 Joachim Kaiser
94 Claude Lévi-Strauss Sad tropics 1955 Peter Wapnewski
95 Samuel Beckett The last tape 1958 Benjamin Henrichs
96 Günter Grass The Tin Drum 1959 Fritz J. Raddatz
97 Jean-Paul Sartre The words 1964 Fritz J. Raddatz
98 Bertolt Brecht Stories from Mr. Keuner 1926/ 2004 Benjamin Henrichs
99 Uwe Johnson Anniversaries 1970- 1983 Rolf Michaelis
100 Miguel de Cervantes Don Quixote 1605, 1615 Golo man

ZEIT library of 100 non-fiction books

The jury of this project: Ralf Dahrendorf , Manfred Eigen , Theodor Eschenburg , Wolf Lepenies , Golo Mann , Alexander Mitscherlich , Fritz J. Raddatz , Thomas von Randow and Uta Ranke-Heinemann .

List of reviewed works

No. author title year reviewer
1 Plato Politeia approx. 390 BC Until approx. 370 BC Chr. Hartmut von Hentig
2 Aristotle politics 4th century BC Chr. Siegfried Melchinger
3 Euclid The Elements 3rd century BC Chr. Thomas von Randow
4th Flavius ​​Josephus History of the Jewish War AD 75–79 Ernst Simon
5 Plutarch Great Greeks and Romans 1st century AD Bernhard Kytzler
6th Marcus Aurelius Self-contemplations AD 170–180 Peter Wapnewski
7th Augustine From the state of God 413-426 Heinz Josef Herbort
8th Thomas Aquinas Summa theologica 1265-1273 Heinrich Boell
9 Erasmus from Rotterdam Praise to folly 1509 Ralf Dahrendorf
10 Martin Luther From the Babylonian captivity of the Church 1520 Hans Küng
11 Niccolò Machiavelli The Prince 1513 Theo summer
12 Nicolaus Copernicus About the circular movements of the world bodies 1543 Georg Kleemann
13 Giorgio Vasari Life of the most excellent painters, sculptors and architects 1550 or 1568 Hans Platschek
14th Galileo Galilei Dialogue about the two world systems 1630 Walter Brandmüller
15th John Locke Experiment on the human mind 1690 Jürgen Manthey
16 Thomas Hobbes Leviathan 1651 Rudolf Augstein
17th René Descartes On the method of the correct use of reason and scientific research 1637 Eckhard Nordhofen
18th Blaise Pascal From the geometric mind 1657 or 1658 Willy Hochkeppel
19th Baruch de Spinoza Ethics, represented by the geometrical method 1677 Eckhard Nordhofen
20th Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz The theodicy 1710 Rudolf Walter Leonhardt
21st Charles de Montesquieu From the spirit of the law 1748 Agnes Heller
22nd Voltaire Experiment on general history, on the customs and spirit of the nations from Charlemagne to our day 1757 Helga Gallas
23 Jean-Jacques Rousseau From the social contract 1762 Arnulf Baring
24 David Hume Studies on the human mind 1748 Willy Hochkeppel
25th Adam Smith The wealth of the nations 1776 Ralf Dahrendorf
26th Georg Forster Trip around the world 1778/1780 Wolf Lepenies
27 Immanuel Kant Critique of Pure Reason 1781 or 1783 Herbert Schnädelbach
28 Johann Wolfgang Goethe About the intermaxillary bone of humans and animals Georg Kleemann
29 Adolph Freiherr Knigge About dealing with people 1788 Rolf Michaelis
30th Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi My research into the course of nature in the development of the human race Hartmut von Hentig
31 Thomas Robert Malthus A treatise on the population law Wolf Lepenies
32 Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel phenomenology of the Spirit 1807 Alfred Schmidt
33 Arthur Schopenhauer The world as will and idea 1819 Golo man
34 Claude-Henri Comte de Saint-Simon New Christianity Hermann Dietzfelbinger
35 Carl Philipp Gottfried von Clausewitz from the war 1832 to 1834 Raymond Aron
36 David Friedrich Strauss The life of Jesus 1835 to 1836 Uta Ranke-Heinemann
37 Alexis de Tocqueville About democracy in America Klaus Harpprecht
38 Pierre-Joseph Proudhon What is property? 1840 Gerd Bucerius
39 Søren Kierkegaard The term fear 1844 Dorothee Sölle
40 Friedrich Engels The situation of the working class in England 1845 Günter Wallraff
41 Max Stirner The only one and his property 1844 or 1845 Gert Mattenklott
42 Leopold von Ranke German history in the age of the Reformation Walther Killy
43 Jacob Burckhardt The culture of the Renaissance in Italy Petra Kipphoff
44 Charles Darwin The origin of the species through natural selection 1859 Ludwig von Friedeburg
45 Alexander von Humboldt cosmos 1845 to 1862 Rolf Michaelis
46 Mikhail Bakunin Statehood and anarchy Ulrich Greiner
47 Theodor Mommsen Roman history 1854 to 1885 Christian Meier
48 Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche Thus Spoke Zarathustra 1883 to 1885 Pierre Bertaux
49 Friedrich Hebbel Diaries Golo man
50 Heinrich von Treitschke German History in the Nineteenth Century Wolf Jobst settlers
51 Thank God Frege Basics of arithmetic 1884 Günther Patzig
52 Karl Marx The capital 1867 to 1894 Iring fetcher
53 Gustave Le Bon Psychology of the masses Benjamin Henrichs
54 Otto von Bismarck Thoughts and memories Theodor Eschenburg
55 Ernst Haeckel The world riddles 1899 Iring fetcher
56 Max Planck Lectures and memories Armin Hermann
57 Edmund Husserl logical researches Günther Patzig
58 Max Weber Protestant ethics and the spirit of capitalism 1904 to 1905 Ralf Dahrendorf
59 Georges Sorel About violence Joseph Huber
60 Jakob Johann Baron von Uexküll Composition theory of nature Sincerity Duve
61 Albert Einstein About the special and general relativity theory 1916 Thomas von Randow
62 Georg SImmel Basic questions of sociology Wolf Lepenies
63 Karl Barth The letter to the Romans Heinz Josef Herbort
64 Bertrand Russell Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy 1919 Marcus Bierich
65 Oswald Spengler the decline of the West 1918 to 1922 Rolf Hochhuth
66 Ludwig Wittgenstein Tractatus logico-philosophicus 1918 and 1921 respectively Peter Rosei
67 Sigmund Freud The I and the id 1923 Margarete Mitscherlich
68 Le Corbusier View of an architecture Manfred Sack
69 George Lukács History and class consciousness 1923 Fritz J. Raddatz
70 Leon Trotsky Literature and revolution Iring fetcher
71 Theodoor Hendrik van de Velde The perfect marriage Uta Ranke-Heinemann
72 Martin Heidegger Being And Time 1927 Hans-Georg Gadamer
73 Bronislaw Malinowski Gender and repression in primitive societies Volkmar Sigusch
74 José Ortega y Gasset The revolt of the masses 1929 and 1931 Lothar Baier
75 Karl Jaspers The spiritual situation of the time Golo man
76 Vladimir Ilyich Lenin What to do? 1902 Wolfgang Lefèvre
77 Margaret Mead Youth and Sexuality in Primitive Societies 1935 Helge Pross
78 Arnold J. Toynbee The course of world history 1934 to 1961 Ossip K. Flechtheim
79 Rudolf Bultmann Jesus Christ and Mythology Uta Ranke-Heinemann
80 Joseph A. Schumpeter Capitalism, socialism and democracy 1942 Karl Schiller
81 Jean-Paul Sartre Being and nothing 1943 Urs Jaeggi
82 Max Horkheimer & Theodor W. Adorno Dialectic of Enlightenment 1944 and 1947 Fritz J. Raddatz
83 Karl Popper The open society and its enemies 1945 Ralf Dahrendorf
84 Eugene Kogon The SS state 1946 Marion Countess Dönhoff
85 Pierre Teilhard de Chardin Man in the cosmos Günther Schiwy
86 Norbert Wiener cybernetics Thomas von Randow
87 Simone de Beauvoir The opposite sex 1949 Alice Schwarzer
88 Hannah Arendt Elements and origins of total domination 1955 Rudolf Bahro
89 Winston Churchill The second World War 1948 to 1955 Rolf Hochhuth
90 Karl Dietrich Bracher The dissolution of the Weimar Republic Theodor Eschenburg
91 Ernst Bloch The principle of hope 1954 to 1959 Fritz J. Raddatz
92 Max Born Physics through the ages Bernd Kroeger
93 Rachel Carson The silent spring 1962 Thomas von Randow
94 Noam Chomsky Language and mind Jutta Scherrer
95 Jürgen Habermas Knowledge and interest 1968 Reinhard Baumgart
96 James Watson The double helix 1968 and 1969 Reimar Lüst
97 Werner Heisenberg The part and the whole 1969 Armin Hermann
98 Jacques Monod Chance and necessity 1970 Dieter E. Zimmer
99 John Rawls A theory of justice 1971 Ernst Tugendhat
100 Dennis Meadows et al. a. ( Club of Rome ) The limits of growth 1972 Joseph Huber

ZEIT student library

From 2002 to 2003, 50 works were presented that were proposed as canons for German lessons. The jury: "two students, two German teachers, two writers and two editors ". The list is arranged alphabetically by author, with the exception of the five volumes of poetry which are arranged under "L".

List of reviewed works

No. author title year TIME
100
reviewer
1 Bettina von Arnim The Günderode Susanne Mayer
2 Jurek Becker Jacob the Liar 1969 Volker Ullrich
3 Heinrich Boell Wanderer, are you coming to Spa ... 1950 Burkhard spiders
4th Wolfgang Borchert Outside the door 1947 Rolf Michaelis
5 Hermann messenger A brief reading by Dil Ulenspiegel around 1510 Tobias Gohlis
6th Bertolt Brecht Life of Galileo 1943 Elisabeth von Thadden
7th Brothers Grimm Children's and Household Tales 1812 to 1858 Yes Susanne Gaschke
8th Georg Buechner Lenz 1839 Yes Elisabeth von Thadden
Leonce and Lena 1836
Danton's death 1835
9 Wilhelm Busch Picture stories Petra Kipphoff
10 Friedrich Dürrenmatt The visit of the old lady 1956 Rolf Michaelis
11 Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach The parishioner 1887 Andreas Nentwich
12 Joseph von Eichendorff From the life of a good-for-nothing 1826 Yes Thomas E. Schmidt
13 Michael Ende Jim Button and Luke the Engine Driver 1960 Konrad Heidkamp
14th Hans Fallada Little man - now what? 1932 Paul Michael Lützeler
15th Theodor Fontane Effi Briest 1894 to 1896 Burkhard spiders
16 Max Frisch Biedermann and the arsonists -
a lesson without teaching
1958 Rolf Michaelis
17th Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Fist i 1808 Ulrich Greiner
18th The Sorrows of Young Werther 1774 Yes Rolf Vollmann
19th Hans Jakob Christoffel of Grimmelshausen The adventurous Simplicissimus 1668 or 1669 Yes Rolf Michaelis
20th Sebastian Haffner Story of a German 1939 or 2000 Volker Ullrich
21st Wilhelm Hauff All fairy tales Evelyn fingers
22nd Friedrich Holderlin Hyperion 1797 to 1799 Yes Ulrike Schwarzrock
23 ETA Hoffmann The Miss von Scuderi 1819 to 1821 Rolf Vollmann
The Sandman 1816
24 Hans Henny Jahnn River without banks Ulrich Greiner
25th Anna Maria Jokl The mother-of-pearl color. A children's novel for almost everyone ( film ) Susanne Mayer
26th Franz Kafka Short stories and other selected prose Yes Peter Caraway
27 The process 1925 Ulrich Greiner
28 Marie Luise Kaschnitz Long shadows 1960 Ulla Hahn
Long distance calls 1966
29 Erich Kaestner The Flying Classroom 1933 Katharina Döbler
30th Gottfried Keller The three just comb-makers 1856 Jens Jessen
Romeo and Juliet in the village 1856
Clothes make the man 1874
31 Heinrich von Kleist Penthesilea 1808 Elisabeth von Thadden
32 All works and letters Evelyn fingers
33 Gotthold Ephraim Lessing Nathan the wise 1779 Rolf Michaelis
34 Georg Christoph Lichtenberg Aphorisms Katharina Döbler
35 Martin Luther (translator) The gospel according to Matthew 1st century AD Yes Robert Light
36 from Walther to Hölderlin Lyric I Ulla Hahn
37 from Novalis to Hoffmann von Fallersleben Poetry II
38 from Droste-Hülshoff to Nietzsche Lyric III
39 from Morgenstern to Bachmann Lyric IV
40 Lyric V: Ballads
41 Heinrich Mann The subject 1914 and 1918 Yes Volker Ullrich
42 Thomas Mann Death in Venice . And other stories 1911 Klaus Harpprecht
43 Robert Musil The confusions of the pupil Törless 1906 Yes ?
44 Joseph Roth Job 1930 Iris Radisch
45 Friedrich von Schiller cabal and Love 1784 ?
46 Arno Schmidt Brand's Haide 1951 Rolf Vollmann
47 Arthur Schnitzler stories Burkhard spiders
48 Anna Seghers The seventh cross 1942 Yes Rolf Michaelis
49 Theodor Storm The Pale Rider 1888 Petra Kipphoff
50 Frank Wedekind Spring awakening 1891 Volker Ullrich

See also

literature

  • Fritz J. Raddatz (Ed.): ZEIT library of 100 books . 13th edition, Suhrkamp TB 645, Frankfurt am Main 2009 (first edition 1980), ISBN 978-3-518-37145-9 .
  • Fritz J. Raddatz (Ed.): ZEIT library of 100 non-fiction books . 2nd edition, Suhrkamp TB 1074, Frankfurt am Main 1985 (first edition 1984), ISBN 3-518-37574-1 .

Web links

Footnotes

  1. Review by Rolf Michaelis . - A brief presentation of the work and text excerpts can be found in the ZUM-Wiki
  2. Die Zeit 22, May 27, 1983 .
  3. Die Zeit 32, August 5, 1983 .
  4. Die Zeit 33, August 12, 1983 .
  5. Ulla Hahn published her compilation of 234 poems in 2003 as an anthology under the title Voices in Canon - German Poems. Reclam, Ditzingen 2003, ISBN 3-15-010536-6 .