Literature year 1859

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Overview of the literary years
Further events

Literature year 1859
Charles Darwin publishes The Origin of Species .
Charles Dickens ' novel A Tale of Two Cities becomes one of the most successful books of all time.

Events

prose

Russia

Dostoevsky 1859

• March: Fyodor Michailowitsch Dostoyewski writes the novel Uncle's Dream in the Siberian exile , which is published in the magazine Russisches Wort . The short novel The Stepanchikovo Estate and its Inhabitants will also be published during the year .

• July / August: Lev Nikolajewitsch Tolstoy published the novel Familienglück in Russki Westnik magazine .

• Ivan Alexandrowitsch Goncharov publishes his second novel Oblomow , his most famous work, as a feature novel in the journal Otetschestwennye Sapiski .

Great Britain, France

• April the 30th bis 26. November : Charles Dickens published in several parts of his novel A Tale of Two Cities ( A Tale of Two Cities ) in the magazine he founded in All the Year Round . The book then printed becomes the most printed original English-language book of all time, with over 200 million copies sold.
• Summer: Jules Verne goes on a trip to Scotland with the composer Aristide Hignard . He processed the impressions from this in the novel Voyage à reculons en Angleterre et en Écosse ( Journey with obstacles to England and Scotland ), which, however, was not published during his lifetime.

• Mary Anne Evans publishes her first novel Adam Bede under the pseudonym George Eliot .

Germany

• Wilhelm Raabe publishes the novels Die Kinder von Finkenrode , Der Junker von Denow and the novella Who can turn it around? . The novella Der Weg zum Lachen is also published in book form .
• Fritz Reuter publishes the autobiographical novel Olle Kamellen, first part - Ut de Franzosentid , in which he deals with his childhood during the French period .

Poetry

• Summer: Joseph Victor von Scheffel writes the Frankenlied .
• In Die Kinder von Finkenrode , Wilhelm Raabe quotes all my ducklings as a nursery rhyme, the first reliable evidence of this song.

drama

• The French playwright Henri Meilhac wrote the play Le petit-fils de Mascarille .
• The drama storm of Alexander Ostrovsky will be premiered in Moscow.

Periodicals

The gazebo 1859

• March 29 : The national daily newspaper The Irish Times is founded in Dublin as the mouthpiece of the Irish Unionists .
• May 28 : The final issue of Household Words magazine appears after a dispute between editor Charles Dickens and his publishers.

• Leopold Sonnemann added a political section to the Frankfurter Handelszeitung and renamed the newspaper Neue Frankfurter Zeitung . This appears 19 times a week.
• The Berliner Journal , a German-language weekly newspaper, appears for the first time in Berlin , Ontario . The paper also contains columns in Pennsylvania German .
• The psychiatric monthly magazine Der Irrenfreund - a folk publication about insane and insane institutions, as well as the care of mental health appears for the first time by Verlag Heuser in Neuwied .
• The Frankfurt zoo director David Friedrich Weinland founded the magazine Der Zoologischer Garten in order to arouse serious interest in the scientific observation of wild animals and thus promote the keeping of strange and exotic animal species. Today it is the oldest existing magazine that deals exclusively with the keeping of animals in animal parks and zoos . Originally, Frankfurt Zoo published the magazine on its own, but from the fifth volume on, reports from other zoos were piling up, so that the newspaper was renamed in the Centralorgan of the Zoological Gardens in Germany - magazine for the observation, care and breeding of animals .
• Alexander Macmillan publishes the first issue of Macmillan's Magazine, which is subsequently published monthly .

Scientific literature

economy and politics

First edition, Berlin 1859

• January: Franz Duncker's publishing house in Berlin publishes the work On the Critique of Political Economy , written by Karl Marx in London , a preliminary work for his major work Das Kapital . The focus of the text is on the value of commodities in its double form of representation of use value and exchange value , concrete and abstract labor , labor time as a quantitative measure of labor , money , circulation , accumulation , production and trade crises .

Natural sciences

Charles Darwin around 1859

• November 24th : Charles Darwin publishes The Origin of Species , the foundational work in evolutionary theory .
• George Engelmann's extensively illustrated work Cactaceae of the Boundary is published, which gives an overview of all North American cactus species known to date .

Other scientific works

• Scottish physicist and engineer William John Macquorn Rankine publishes Manual of the Steam Engine and Other Prime Movers .
• Based on his travels through Ethiopia , the Frenchman Antoine Thomson d'Abbadie publishes the catalog raisonné des manuscrits éthiopiens and Résumé Géodésique des positions déterminées en Ethiopie .

Others

• October: Four years after its founding in 1855 , the German Schiller Foundation is constituted on the poet's 100th birthday .

Single scene from The Little Honey Thieves

• Wilhelm Busch publishes his first picture story in the Fliegende Blätter : The little honey thieves .
• The Canadian painter Paul Kane publishes a book about his travel impressions with the title Wanderings of an Artist among the Indians of North America from Canada to Vancouver's Island and Oregon through the Hudson's Bay Company's Territory and Back Again , provided with numerous lithographs based on his sketches and paintings . Kane dedicates the book, which is an instant hit, to its early patron George William Allan .

Born

First half of the year

• January 6 : Samuel Alexander , British philosopher († 1938 )
• January 13 : Karl Bleibtreu , German writer († 1928 )

• February 6 : Jakob Julius David , Austrian journalist and writer († 1906 )
• February 8 : Gabriele Reuter , German writer († 1941 )

• March 2 : Sholem Alejchem , Yiddish writer († 1916 )
• March 9 : Peter Altenberg , Austrian writer († 1919 )
• March 24 : Rudolf Jung , German historian and archivist († 1922 )

• April 8 : Edmund Husserl , Czech philosopher, founder of phenomenology († 1938 )
• April 9 : Julius Hart , German poet and literary critic of naturalism († 1930 )
• April 9 : Henri Lavedan , French writer and journalist († 1940 )

• May 2 : Jerome K. Jerome , English author († 1927 )
• May 16 : Frieda Schanz , German author, editor and teacher († 1944 )
• May 22 : Arthur Conan Doyle , British doctor and writer († 1930 )
• May 23 : Otto Pniower , German literary scholar († 1932 )

• June 19 : Heinrich Sohnrey , German folk writer and publicist († 1948 )
• June 20 : Christian von Ehrenfels , Austrian philosopher († 1932 )
• June 23 : Tsubouchi Shōyō , Japanese playwright, narrator and translator († 1935 )

Second half of the year

• July 2 : Otto Böckel , German librarian, folk song researcher and anti-Semitic politician († 1923 )
• July 6 : Verner von Heidenstam , Swedish poet († 1940 )
• July 17 : Jakob Christoph Heer , Swiss writer († 1925 )
• July 19 : Carl Ludwig Schleich , German doctor and writer († 1922 )
• July 22 : Maria Janitschek , Austrian writer († 1927 )
• July 28 : Franz Eugen Schlachter , Swiss revival preacher and translator of the Schlachter Bible († 1911 )

• August 4 : Knut Hamsun , Norwegian writer († 1952 )
• September 28 : Fritz Milkau , German librarian and library scientist († 1934 )

• October 14 : Alfred Bock , German manufacturer and writer († 1932 )
• October 18 : Henri Bergson , French philosopher and Nobel Prize winner († 1941 )
• October 20 : John Dewey , American philosopher and educator († 1952 )

• November 22nd : Paul Desjardins , French philosopher and philologist († 1940 )
• December 21 : Gustave Kahn , French writer († 1936 )
• December 24 : Samuel Fischer , German publisher († 1934 )

Exact date of birth unknown

• Sara Louisa Blomfield , Anglo-Irish Bahai and author († 1939 )

Died

• January 6th : Bernhard Baader , German collector of Baden sagas (* 1790 )

Bettina von Arnim's grave next to the village church of Wiepersdorf

• January 20 : Bettina von Arnim , German socially critical writer (* 1785 )

• April 16 : Alexis de Tocqueville , French publicist and politician (* 1805 )
• September 19 : Adolf Bäuerle , Austrian writer, publisher and representative of the Old Viennese Volkstheater (* 1786 )

• October 4 : Karl Baedeker , German publisher (* 1801 )
• October 13 : Rudolf Oeser , German pastor and folk writer (* 1807 )
• October 27 : Ernst Friedrich Apelt , German writer (* 1812 )

• November 28 : Washington Irving , American writer (* 1783 )
• December 8 : Thomas De Quincey , British writer (* 1785 )
• December 16 : Wilhelm Grimm , German linguist and writer (Grimms Märchen) (* 1786 )

See also

Portal: Literature  - Overview of Wikipedia content on the topic of literature

Web links

Commons : Books 1859  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Commons : Magazine 1859  - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files

Commons : Gazebo (1859)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Digitized newspapers from 1859 in the newspaper information system (ZEFYS) of the Berlin State Library
• Austrian newspapers from 1859 in AustriaN Newspaper Online (ANNO) of the Austrian National Library
• Digitized editions of Le Monde illustré 1859 in Gallica.fr