Literature year 1856

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Overview of the literary years
Further events

Literature year 1856
The first five novellas in Gottfried Keller's novella cycle The People of Seldwyla appear.

Events

prose

First edition: Dred

Harriet Beecher Stowes second novel Dred; A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp appears. In it, the staunch abolitionist writes about the Great Dismal Swamp Maroons , released or runaway slaves who settled under difficult conditions in the Great Dismal Swamp , an extensive swamp in Virginia and North Carolina .
Gustave Flaubert published the social novel Madame Bovary in the features section of the Revue de Paris , which - although the novel was published in censored form - immediately brought him to trial for “violation of good morals”. Among other things, he is accused of “glorifying adultery”.

Gottfried Keller, pastel by Ludmilla Assing , 1854

The first five novels in Gottfried Keller's series of novels, The People of Seldwyla, are published by Vieweg Verlag . The second volume appears in 1874 .

Wilhelm Raabe publishes his first novel Die Chronik der Sperlingsgasse .

In addition to another edition of the German Fairy Tale Book , Ludwig Bechstein also publishes his New German Fairy Tale Book for the first time .

Fritz Reuter publishes the novel Meine Vaterstadt Stavenhagen .

The short story Benito Cereno by Herman Melville appears in the anthology The Piazza Tales .

From Tolstoy 's stories appear The morning of a landowner , an encounter in the field with a Moscow friend , the snow storm and the novella Two Hussars .

Poetry

The second edition of Walt Whitman's poetry collection Leaves of Grass ( grass ) already contains 34 poems. The first edition published in the previous year comprised only twelve poems.

drama

Periodicals

First issue of Le Journal amusing

January 5th : The cartoonist Charles Philipon founds the satirical weekly Le Journal amusant in France

Leopold Sonnemann founds the Frankfurt annual report . The paper changes its name in the Frankfurter Handelszeitung in the same year .
The German gymnastics newspaper appears for the first time in Leipzig . The sports magazine is founded as the press organ of the German Gymnastics Federation and initially published by Ernst Keil . The DTZ is the first more important paper in Germany that deals with questions of gymnastics.
The Bündner Churer Zeitung ceases to appear. The successor is the daily newspaper Die Rheinquellen .

The gazebo 1856

Others

Lewis Carroll's self-portrait, around 1856

April 25 : Charles Lutwidge Dodgson meets four-year-old Alice Liddell for the first time . The relationship with Liddell inspired the photographer to write the novels Alice in Wonderland and Alice Behind the Looking Glass . In today's pedophile movement , the anniversary is celebrated as Alice Day . In the same year Dodgson first published the romantic poem Solitude under his stage name Lewis Carroll in The Train magazine .

Born

January 3 : Clara Anhuth , German writer and librarian († after 1920)
January 25 : Pierre Decourcelle , French writer († 1926 )

February 3 : Georg Winter , German archivist and historian († 1912 )
February 14 : Frank Harris , Irish-English author and editor († 1931 )
February 20 : Jean Fernand-Lafargue , French writer († 1903 )
February 25 : Alfred Biese , German literary historian († 1930 )

March 3 : Gustav Davis , Austrian journalist and newspaper editor († 1951 )
March 9 : Hermann Iseke , German poet († 1907 )

April 5 : Booker T. Washington , American educator, author, social reformer and black rights activist († 1915 )
April 15 : Jean Moréas , French-Greek poet († 1910 )

May 14 : Georg Asmussen , German writer († 1933 )
May 15 : Lyman Frank Baum , American writer († 1919 )

June 6 : George Lacy Hillier , English cyclist and author († 1941 )
June 22 : Henry Rider Haggard , British writer († 1925 )
July 26 : George Bernard Shaw , Irish playwright and Nobel Prize for Literature († 1950 )

August 20 : Jakub Bart-Ćišinski , Sorbian poet († 1909 )
August 27 : Ivan Franko , Ukrainian poet and writer († 1916 )
September 28 : Kate Douglas Wiggin , American educator and author († 1923 )
September 30th : Conradine Stinde , German author († 1925 )
October 13 : Lord Frederick Spencer Hamilton , British diplomat, politician and writer († 1928 )
October 18 : Edmond Haraucourt , French writer († 1941 )
October 25 : Paul d'Ivoi , French writer († 1915 )
October 27 : Kenyon Cox , American painter and writer († 1919 )

November 22 : Helene Böhlau , German writer († 1940 )
December 20 : Ferdinand Avenarius , German poet († 1923 )
December 31 : Hildegard Voigt , German writer († 1936 )

Died

January 12 : Ľudovít Štúr , Slovak philologist, writer and politician (* 1815 )
January 21 : Benedictus Gotthelf Teubner , German bookseller and founder of the publishing house (* 1784 )
January 28 : Helmina von Chézy , German poet and librettist (* 1783 )

Heine's grave bust in the Montmartre cemetery in Paris

February 17 : Heinrich Heine , German poet and journalist (* 1797 )

June 20 : Hanzo Njepila , Sorbian folk writer (* 1766 )
June 27 : Joseph Meyer , German publisher (* 1796 )

July 11 : Josef Kajetán Tyl , Czech playwright (* 1808 )
July 21 : Emil Aarestrup , Danish poet (* 1800 )
July 29 : Karel Havlíček Borovský , Czech poet, prose writer, literary critic, translator, politician and journalist (* 1821 )
July 30th : Georg Weerth , German businessman and writer (* 1822 )

October 21 : Hendrik Tollens , Dutch writer of Flemish origin (* 1780 )
November 28 : Hirose Tansō , Japanese scholar, educator and writer (* 1782 )

Web links

Commons : Books 1856 - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Commons : Magazine 1856 - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files

Commons : Newspapers 1856 - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Commons : Gazebo (1856) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Digitized newspapers from 1856 in the newspaper information system (ZEFYS) of the Berlin State Library
Austrian newspapers from 1856 in AustriaN Newspaper Online (ANNO) of the Austrian National Library