Literature year 1855

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Overview of the literary years
Further events

Literature year 1855
Petermanns Geographische Mitteilungen appear for the first time.	Elizabeth Gaskell publishes the novel North and South .

Events

prose

Title page of the first edition

From January: After the last part of the sequel North and South by Elizabeth Gaskell was published in the magazine Household Words published by Charles Dickens , the novel is published in two parts for the first time as a book edition.

April / May: Jules Verne publishes his short story Un hivernage dans les glaces ( Wintering in the ice ) in two parts in the magazine Musée des familles .

Title page of the first print

July / August: In the morning paper for educated classes the artist novella Mozart on the trip to Prague by Eduard Mörike appears . The book edition will appear for the first time in November - dated 1856 on the occasion of Mozart's 100th birthday.

Lev Tolstoy publishes the Sevastopol cycle , three narrative reports about his initially enthusiastic participation in the Crimean War . The stories Sevastopol in December 1854 , Sevastopol in May 1855 and Sevastopol in August 1855 appear in the magazine Sovremennik ( The Contemporary ), which Alexander Pushkin co-founded . Tolstoy also published the story Der Holzschlag .

The novel debits and credits of Gustav Freytag appears. It is one of the most widely read novels of the 19th century and is a representative of bourgeois realism .

The novel The Grandmother is published by Božena Němcová .

Thomas Bulfinch publishes The Age of Fable: Or, Stories of Gods and Heros in Boston .

Poetry

July 4th : Walt Whitman self-publishes the first edition of his main work Leaves of Grass ( blades of grass ). The first edition contains twelve poems. In further editions the work was expanded to over 400 poems by 1892 .
November 10 : The epic poem The Song of Hiawatha ( The Song of Hiawatha ) by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow appears.

drama

The play A Month in the Country by Ivan Turgenev is in the St. Petersburg literary magazine Sovremennik published.
Franz von Pocci wrote Kasperl as a professor. A philosophical comedy and the test. An unprecedented spectacle and puppet in China .

Periodicals

March 16 : August Petermann founds the oldest German-language specialist journal on geography , Petermanns Geographische Mitteilungen, in Gotha .

June 29 : The British newspaper The Daily Telegraph appears for the first time in London.

The gazebo in 1855

Religious works

August: The first YMCA World Conference in Paris publishes the Paris base as the basis of its work.
November 5 : The encyclical Optime noscitis judges Pope Pius IX. to the Austrian episcopate . Among other things, it imposes pastoral duties on church representatives on fruitful cooperation with governments.

Born

January 30 : Howard O. Sturgis , British writer († 1920 )
January 31 : Otto Ehrenfried Ehlers , German explorer and writer († 1895 )
February 14 : Vsevolod Michailowitsch Garschin , Russian writer († 1888 )
February 18 : Adolf Frey , Swiss writer and literary historian († 1920 )

March 5 : Friedrich J. Pajeken , German businessman and writer († 1920 )
March 6 : Walter Friedensburg , German archivist and historian († 1938 )
March 7 : Karl von den Steinen , German physician, ethnologist and writer († 1929 )
March 24 : Olive Schreiner , South African writer († 1920 )

Perumal Sundaram Pillai

April 5 : Father Sundaram Pillai , Tamil-Indian philosopher, archaeologist, writer and literary scholar († 1897 )
April 14 : Heinrich Bandlow , German educator and author († 1933 )
April 15 : Jakob Minor , Austrian literary scholar († 1912 )
April 23 : Ernst von Wolhaben , German writer († 1934 )

May 14 : Eduard von Keyserling , German writer and playwright († 1918 )
May 21 : Émile Verhaeren , Belgian poet († 1916 )
May 24 : Florence Dixie , British traveler and writer († 1905 )
May 30 : Georg Schaumberg , German writer († 1931 )

Ludwig Ganghofer

July 7 : Ludwig Ganghofer , German writer († 1920 )
August 15 : Walter Hines Page , American journalist, publisher and diplomat († 1918 )

September 9 : Houston Stewart Chamberlain , Anglo-German writer and cultural philosopher († 1927 )
September 12 : William Sharp , Scottish writer († 1905 )
September 25 : Aeba Kōson , Japanese writer and theater critic († 1922 )

October 12 : August Sauer , Austrian literary scholar († 1926 )
November 20 : Emilie Mataja , Austrian writer of realism († 1938 )

December 8 : Wladimir Alexejewitsch Giljarowski , Russian publicist and writer († 1935 )
December 30 : Heinrich Hart , German writer and naturalistic literary and theater critic († 1906 )
December 31 : Giovanni Pascoli , Italian poet († 1912 )

Died

January 26 : Gérard de Nerval , French writer (* 1808 )
March 15 : Joseph von Laßberg , German Germanist and writer (* 1770 )
March 31 : Charlotte Brontë , British writer (* 1816 )

June 3 : Christoph Cölestin Mrongovius , Prussian Protestant pastor, writer, philosopher, linguist, teacher and translator (* 1764 )
June 24 : Johann Gottfried Flügel , German philologist, lexicographer and author (* 1788 )
June 29th : Delphine Gay , French poet (* 1804 )
July 12 : Karl Spindler , German novelist (* 1796 )

September 1 : Bernhard Thiersch , German high school teacher and poet of the Prussian song (* 1794 )
October 29 : Gottfried Duden , German writer (* 1785 )

November 3 : Hermann Franck , German writer, esthete and critic (* 1802 )
November 6th : Johann Gottfried Abraham Frenzel German painter, engraver and art writer (* 1782 )
November 19 : Mihály Vörösmarty , Hungarian poet, editor and translator (* 1800 )
November 26 : Adam Mickiewicz , Polish poet (* 1798 )

Web links

Commons : 1855 books - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Commons : 1855 magazines - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Commons : 1855 newspapers - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Commons : Gazebo (1855) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Digitized newspapers from 1855 in the newspaper information system (ZEFYS) of the Berlin State Library
Austrian newspapers from 1855 in AustriaN Newspaper Online (ANNO) of the Austrian National Library