Vladimir Alexeyevich Gilyarovsky

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Vladimir Gilyarovsky
Detail from Repin's painting The Zaporozhian Cossacks write a letter to the Turkish sultan . Giljarowski posed as a laughing Cossack in red.

Vladimir Gilyarovsky ( Russian Владимир Алексеевич Гиляровский ., Scientific transliteration Vladimir Alekseevic Giljarovskij * November 26 jul. / 8. December  1855 greg. In the province of Vologda , †  1. October 1935 in Moscow ) was a Russian writer, journalist and writer. He was considered a connoisseur of his adopted home, Moscow, and in his publications primarily dealt with everyday life in the city and its people from different social classes.

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Giljarowski was born in 1855 (according to other, later refuted statements, 1853) on an estate in the Vologda Governorate , today 's Vologda Oblast . His mother came from a Zaporozhian Cossack family and died when he was eight years old. After that, Vladimir was raised by his father and stepmother. At the age of 15, he moved out of his parents' home without having finished school. He went south and, changing his place of residence several times, kept himself afloat with various odd jobs, including as a haulier on the Volga , factory worker and amateur actor . In the early 1870s he went to Moscow for the first time and attended a military school there. From 1877 to 1878 he volunteered as a soldier at the front during the Russo-Ottoman War .

In 1881 Gilyarovsky went to Moscow again. In 1884 he married the teacher Maria Mursina there, whom he had met five years earlier in Penza . Professionally, Giljarowski tried his hand at first as an actor in a small drama theater in Moscow. A little later he met the writer Anton Chekhov and became friends with him. Giljarowski's strong interest in both everyday life in what was then the second most important Russian city and in the problems of the lower class led him to write his first short stories in the 1880s, which were later published in a collection called The People of the Slums . At the same time he began to publish reports and short stories in major Moscow newspapers. They were not only about current events, catastrophes or theater premieres , but also about the life of the poorest of the poor in Chitrowka , a former slum settlement not far from the Kitai-Gorod district . This fact brought Gilyarovsky great popularity, especially in the Moscow lower class. His fellow writers also appreciated his knowledge of the slums: Maxim Gorky sought advice from Gilyarowski when writing his play Nachtasyl .

Giljarowski worked as a newspaper reporter and everyday journalist for decades until his death. As early as the 1910s, he began to process the large number of his reports and newspaper articles into a book that was to comprehensively document everyday life in Moscow. This book, originally known as Moscow and the Muscovites , first appeared in 1926 and was revised and expanded by Gilyarowski over the next few years. In the foreword to the second edition, which was finished at the end of 1934, Gilyarovsky wrote: “I am a Muscovite! How happy is he who can speak this word, devoting himself entirely to it. I'm a Muscovite! ” And below: “ ... Moscow is already on the way to becoming the leading city in the world. [...] So that the residents of the new capital know how much effort it took their fathers to build a new life on the site of the old one, they must learn what old Moscow was like, what kind of people and how they lived there ” . To this day, the book is probably the best-known and most comprehensive documentation of Moscow life in the late 19th century.

Gilyarovsky died in his Moscow house near Tverskaya Street on October 1, 1935 and was buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery. A street in Moscow was named after him.

Works

  • The people of the slums (1887, Russian Трущобные люди )
  • Kaschemmen, clubs and artist's clauses : moral images from old Moscow (1926, revised and reissued in 1935; Russian Москва и москвичи - literally Moscow and the Muscovites )
  • My errors (1928; Russian Мои скитания )
  • Friends and Encounters (1934; Russian Друзья и встречи )
  • The theater people (published 1941; Russian Люди театра )
  • Moscow, the newspaper city (published in 1960; Russian Москва газетная )

See also

Web links

Commons : Vladimir Giljarowski  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Giljarowski, Vladimir Alexejewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Гиляровский, Владимир Алексеевич
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian publicist, journalist and writer
DATE OF BIRTH December 8, 1855
PLACE OF BIRTH Vologda Governorate
DATE OF DEATH October 1, 1935
Place of death Moscow