Chitrowka
Chitrowka ( Russian Хитровка ) is a former district of Moscow . It existed from around 1820 to 1930 in the vicinity of Khitrovskaya Square ( Хитровская площадь ), which was also known as Khitrov Market . Nowadays there is a school on the site of the market (Podkolokolny Street 11a), but the quarter has otherwise been remarkably well-preserved as a 19th-century architectural ensemble.
history
After the great fire of 1812 the area lay fallow and in 1823 Prince Kutuzov's son-in-law , General Nikolai Sakharovich Chitrovo , who lived not far from it, bought the property to build a market there. The site was cleared of the fire ruins, leveled and fenced in with poplar trees (some of them still stand today). The planned meat and vegetable market was never realized, however, as Chitrowo's death in 1826 interrupted the company. Until the 1860s, the square was only occasionally used as a market before Christmas.
Then there was a job exchange for casual workers. Many farmers who had come to the city from the countryside sought their fortune here, and those who did not find it stayed near the square, in the pubs and the notorious night shelters. The neighborhood gradually became the epitome of poverty and crime, not far from the elegant Solyanka Street and the Kitai-Gorod business district .
In the 1920s, the surrounding brothels were closed and a school (later the College for Electromechanics No. 55) was built in the place of the market. The " pit of sin " of the Chitrowka was thus drained.
Chitrowka in literature
In the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries, the district was regularly visited by writers such as Lev Tolstoy , Gleb Uspensky and Tatiana Shchepkina-Kupernik . Vladimir Giljarowski (in Kaschemmen, clubs and artist's clauses: moral images from old Moscow ), Maxim Gorki ( night asylum ) and Konstantin Stanislawski set him a special monument . The police station responsible for Chitrowka is associated with the names of Vladimir Mayakovsky and Ilya Ehrenburg : Both sat here at different times and later processed this stay in their works.
In recent times, the neighborhood has appeared frequently in Boris Akunin's crime novels . The stories often lead the detective Erast Fandorin into the eerie shadowy world of Chitrowka.
Architectural monuments
Peter and Paul Church at Jausa-Tor
Church of the Three Holy Hierarchs in Kulishki
Church of Saint Nicholas the Wonderworker in Podkopai
The former night shelters on Petropavlovsky Street
The former College of Electromechanics No. 55 (demolished in 2010).
Around Chitrowka, on the slopes of John the Forerunner Monastery and the Church of Saint Vladimir in the Old Gardens, one can find. A little further on, in Starossadski-Gasse, is the Lutheran Peter and Paul Church . The neighborhood was largely spared the demolition of the Soviet era and still exudes the old-fashioned charm of an otherwise submerged Moscow.
Structural threat
Although two applications to protect the quarter and the entire hill as historical monuments are currently being examined, a building project threatens to destroy the quarter: the Don Stroj Group plans to build an office building in place of the college. The project was described by experts in the following words: “ The building is not satisfactory in terms of volume, height, or architectural solution ”.
The project, which was rejected by the experts, threatens to be implemented without correction, which leads residents and fans of the district to protests, as the area has largely been preserved as a unit. With the demolition of the college in January 2010, the construction of a modern building in the theoretically protected historical area became apparent.
Remarks
- ↑ Meeting of Moskomarchitektura ( Москомархитектура ), Moskomnasledie ( Москомнаследие ) and the Expert Advisory Board ( Ekos for short - ЭКОС ) on June 26, 2007.
- ↑ http://community.livejournal.com/ivanovska_gorka/ (Russian)
- ↑ [1] ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Russian)
Web links
Coordinates: 55 ° 45 ′ 9 ″ N , 37 ° 38 ′ 34 ″ E