Literature year 1851

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Overview of the literary years
Further events

Literature year 1851
Heinrich Heine publishes his third collection of poems, Romanzero .

Events

prose

English-language literature

June 5 : The first part of the serialized novel Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly ( Onkel Toms Hütte ) by Harriet Beecher Stowe appears in The National Era magazine .

Title page of the first edition by Moby-Dick (1851)

October 18 : The writer Herman Melville first published the novel Moby-Dick in London, and a short time later in New York. While the British edition receives benevolent criticism, the US criticism is devastating, which is mainly due to the passages in the book that are critical of religion. Melville and his work were then forgotten until the 1920s.

Nathaniel Hawthorne published the successful novel The House of the Seven Gables ( The House of the Seven Gables ), a work of showers romance , which among others the horror writer HP Lovecraft is inspired.

French-language literature

Illustration by the illustrator Jules Férat from the short story

July: Jules Verne publishes his first prose work , the short story L'Amérique du Sud , in the magazine Musée des familles . Études historiques. Les premiers navires de la marine mexicaine ( A Drama in Mexico ).

August: Jules Verne publishes the short story La science en famille. Un voyage en balloon. (Réponse à l'énigme de juillet.) ( A drama in the air ). The story contains numerous motifs that Verne will take up again in his novel Five Weeks in a Ballon .

Two years after the play of the same name, the French writer Henri Murger published the novel Les scènes de la vie de bohème , which half a century later would become the template for Giacomo Puccini's opera La Bohème . In the same year Murger also published the works Les scènes de la vie de la jeunesse and Les Pays latin .

German-language literature

Jeremias Gotthelf writes the story Der Besenbinder von Rychiswyl in Emmental dialect .

drama

January 8th : The play in one act Fantasy by “ Kosma Prutkow ” has its world premiere in St. Petersburg.

Poetry

Part of Ganzhorn's handwriting Dasstille Tal

November: Wilhelm Ganzhorn publishes the 13-stanza poem In the Most Beautiful Wiesengrunde , written to the melody of the song Drei Lilien, three lilies, which I will plant on my grave under the name The beautiful valley .

Heinrich Heine publishes his third and last collection of poems, Romanzero, during his lifetime . The work, which he has to dictate at least partially to his secretary because of his chronic illness, is divided into three parts, histories , lamentations and Hebrew melodies . All three books are introduced by a two-verse poem in the rhyme of the cross, which contains a general wisdom of life. In his often multi-part poems, Heine deals critically with issues relating to society, politics, religion and literature and the literary future, and in this context also with his own role as a poet. In the same year, the plant was banned in Austria and confiscated by the police in Prussia.

Scientific works

First edition of Parerga and Paralipomena

Arthur Schopenhauer publishes his aphorisms on wisdom in the two-volume collection Parerga and Paralipomena , which made the philosopher, who had hardly been noticed until then, known.

Periodicals

September 18 : The first issue of the of Henry J. Raymond founded and George Jones US newspaper The New York Times published under the title The New York Daily Times .

Construction journal , logo 1851

The Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn publishing house is founded and for the first time publishes the Zeitschrift für Bauwesen , a specialist journal for construction and architecture .

Others

December 2 : Victor Hugo is arrested after the coup d'état by President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte , against whom he strongly polemicized, and then exiled from France. He went into exile on the Channel Island of Jersey , from where he continued to write against Napoléon.

Born

January 18 : Heinrich Friedjung , Austrian historian, publicist and journalist († 1920 )
January 25 : Arne Garborg , Norwegian writer († 1924 )

February 20 : Richard Weitbrecht , German theologian and writer († 1911 )
February 21 : Ernst von Hesse-Wartegg , Austrian diplomat and travel writer († 1918 )

March 4 : Alexandros Papadiamantis , Greek writer († 1911 )
March 26 : Julius Langbehn , German writer and cultural critic († 1907 )

April 1 : Kristofer Randers , Norwegian writer († 1917 )
April 9 : Thor Lange , Danish writer and translator († 1915 )
April 20 : Eduardo Acevedo Díaz , Uruguayan writer and politician († 1921 )

June 10 : Anton Matosch , Austrian librarian and dialect poet († 1918 )

August 23 : Alois Jirásek , Czech writer and historian († 1930 )
August 28 : Ivan Tavčar , Slovenian lawyer, politician and writer († 1923 )

September 2 : August Freudenthal , German author and journalist († 1898 )
September 2 : Richard Voss , German writer († 1918 )
September 16 : Emilia Pardo Bazán , Spanish writer († 1921 )

November 12 : Eduard Engel , German literary historian and stylist († 1938 )
December 10 : Melvil Dewey , American librarian († 1931 )

Died

January 16 : Karl von Müffling , Prussian field marshal, military writer and geodesist (* 1775 )
January 19 : Esteban Echeverría , Argentine poet (* 1805 )

February 1 : Mary Shelley , English writer (* 1797 )
February 15 : Michel Théodore Leclercq , French writer (* 1777 )

April 12 : Martin Schrettinger , German priest and librarian (* 1772 )
July 17 : Béni Egressy , Hungarian composer, librettist, translator and actor (* 1814 )