Helene Boehlau

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Helene Böhlau, youth picture around 1875
Helene Böhlau around 1907
The daughters of Weimar Mayor Friedrich Kirsten became known throughout Germany through Helene Böhlaus' novel series Ratsmädelgeschichten . Memorial plaque on the house at Windischenstraße 13, in Weimar

Helene Böhlau , married. al Raschid Bey , (born November 22, 1856 in Weimar , † March 26, 1940 in Augsburg ) was a German writer .

Life

Helene Böhlau was the daughter of the Weimar publisher Hermann Böhlau and his wife Therese geb. Clay. She enjoyed a careful private upbringing. In order to broaden her intellectual horizons, she was sent on trips abroad, where she met the architect and private scholar Friedrich Arnd in the Orient . Both fell in love, and in order to be able to marry Helene as his second wife alongside his first wife, Arnd converted from Judaism to Islam and called himself Omar al Raschid Bey from then on. Helene's father forbade her from the house. He met her again later, but he never lived to see her fame.

After the wedding in 1886, the couple lived in Constantinople for a year , then - after the divorce from their first wife - in Munich . Helene Böhlau continued to publish under her maiden name, sometimes with the addition "Frau al Raschid Bey". Her circle of friends also included the writer and art critic Anna Spier , the wife of the politician and private scholar Samuel Spier , to whom Helene Böhlau dedicated her "summer book Altweimarian stories" in 1903 in enthusiastic memory of "Our Green Summer!" She also dedicated the novel “Halbtier!” To Anna Spier. After her husband's death in 1911, Helene Böhlau lived in Ingolstadt , Munich, Widdersberg and Augsburg . Her son Omar Hermann, born in 1895, trained recruits in Munich in 1915, including Victor Klemperer .

Helene Böhlau died on March 26, 1940 and found her final resting place in the cemetery in Widdersberg in the family grave by the church (inscription "Helene Böhlau al Raschid Bey").

Services

Helene Böhlau was one of the most important writers of her time. She received the German Schiller Foundation Prize . In 1901 Max Lesser named her together with Gerhart Hauptmann , Hugo von Hofmannsthal and Peter Altenberg the most important contemporary German-language writer. From 1882 she published novellas and short stories. Her first novel was published in 1888 “ Pure Heart Guilty ”. The work of Helene Böhlaus comprises both ambitious art and utility literature. Her early feminist novels, influenced by naturalism , “ Der Rangierbahnhof ” (1896), “ Das Recht der Mutter ” (1896) and “ Halbtier! "(1899) were noticed by contemporaries and generally positively reviewed (although occasionally a move into the" too "ingenious and peculiar was criticized). Helene Böhlau was best known to a larger audience as the author of the " Ratsmädelgeschichten " (1888; further volumes 1897, 1905 and 1923) and various " Altweimarischer Histories " (1897ff.).

Works

Hans Thoma drawing for summer book

All of Böhlaus' works were frequently reissued, often in changing combinations

  • Novellas. 1882 (new edition under the title Salin Kaliske. 1902; content: Under the spell of death ; Salin Kaliske ; Maleen )
  • The beautiful Valentin. The old folks. Two novels. 1886
  • Guilty in a pure heart. Novel. 1888
  • Delusional heart. Novel. 1888
  • Rath girl stories. 1888
  • In the hawser of art and other short stories. 1889
  • In fresh water. Novel. 2 vol. 1891
  • The marshalling yard. Novel. 1896 - New ed. by Henriette Herwig, Turmhut, Mellrichstadt 2004, ISBN 3-936084-44-0
  • The mother's right. Novel. 1896
  • Old-fashioned love and marriage stories. 1897
  • Council girl and old woman stories. 1897
  • In the old Rödchen near Weimar. The repentant female. Two novels. 1897
  • The playful people. The confectioner's apprentice Midsummer Night. Two novels. 1897
  • Playful people. Novel. 1898
  • Bad honeymoon. Novellas. 1898
  • Glory, Glory Hallelujah. Novel. 1898
  • The roaring camp. Novel. 1898
  • Half animal! Novel. 1899. New ed. by Henriette Herwig, Turmhut, Mellrichstadt 2004, ISBN 3-936084-42-4
  • Philistines over you! Play. 1900
  • Summer book. Indian stories. 1903
  • The crystal ball. An Altweimar story. 1903
  • Summer soul. Mother's longing. Two novels. 1904
  • The council girls run into a duke's arms. 1905
  • The "house to the flame." Roman. 1907
  • Kissing effects. Stories. 1907 (excerpt from: Council Girl and Altweimarian Stories )
  • Isebies. The story of a life. Novel. 1911
  • Gudrun. 1913
  • The spicy dog. Novel. 1916
  • A stupid prank. 1919
  • In the garden of Mrs. Maria Strom. Novel. 1922
  • The council girls attack a ghost. Stories. 1923 (excerpt from: Council Girl and Altweimarian Stories )
  • The reckless married lover: a confusion of love. Novel. 1925
  • The little Goethe mother. Novel. 1928
  • Kristine. Novel. 1929
  • Evil honeymoon. Novel. 1929
  • A tender soul. Novel. 1930
  • How the council girl's granddaughter became a blue stocking , in: Ratsmädel- und Altweimarian stories. Old-fashioned love and marriage stories. Deutsche Buchgemeinschaft n.d., approx. 1930, pp. 128–166; first in counselor and old woman stories. Engelhorn, Stuttgart 1897, 1899
  • Hairdryer. Novel. 1931
  • Haunted in old Weimar. Stories. 1935 (excerpt from: Council Girl and Altweimarian Stories )
  • The three mistresses. Novel. 1937
  • Gold bird. Stories. 1939
  • Youth in Goethe's time. 1939
  • Works. 9 vols., 1929

literature

  • Hans Schwerte :  Böhlau, Helene. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , p. 376 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Hubert Amft: Committed to the “spirit of the place”. Life, work and image of women Helene Böhlaus. In: Weimar letter. 2, 2001, pp. 20-36
  • Josef Becker: Helene Böhlau. Life and work. ADAG Administration and Printing, Zurich 1988 DNB 947139257 , (dissertation University of Zurich 1988, 261 pages).
  • Gisela Brinker-Gabler : Perspectives of the transition. Feminine Consciousness and Early Modernism . In: Gisela Brinker-Gabler (ed.): German literature by women . Volume 2. CH Beck, Munich 1988, pp. 169-205, ISBN 3-406-33118-1 .
  • Elisabeth Friedrichs: The German-speaking women writers of the 18th and 19th centuries. A lexicon . Metzler, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-476-00456-2 , p. 4
  • Maike Heimeshoff: "Your wife's things are really bad!" Artists and dependence on male recognition using the example of Helene Böhlaus "Halbtier!" And "Der Rangierbahnhof". GRIN, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-640-99589-9 .
  • Ludmila Kaloyanova Slavova: Transitional Creatures . Gabriele Reuter , Hedwig Dohm, Helene Böhlau and Franziska von Reventlow (= Women in German Literature ; Volume 2). Lang, New York, NY 1998, ISBN 0-8204-3962-2 .
  • Günter Helmes : Helene Böhlau: "Half animal!" . In: Reclams Romanlexikon. Volume 2. Stuttgart 1999, pp. 536f., ISBN 978-3-1501-800-20 .
  • Verda Seehausen: Helene Böhlau. In: Britta Jürgs (Ed.): “Because there is nothing like nature wanted it to be.” Portraits of artists and writers around 1900. Aviva, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-932338-13-8 , pp. 260–280 .
  • Sandra L. Singer: Free soul, free women? A study of selected fictional works by Hedwig Dohm , Isolde Kurz , and Helene Böhlau (= Studies in modern German literature , Volume 75). Lang, New York, NY 1995, ISBN 0-8204-2557-5 .
  • Elena Tresnak: Theodor Fontane: “Trailblazer” for female emancipation around 1900? Comparative study of literary concepts of femininity in the second half of the 19th century using the example of Theodor Fontanes “Cécile” (1887) and Helene Böhlaus “Der Rangierbahnhof” (1896) . Igel, Hamburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-86815-545-7 (dissertation University of Kiel 2010).
  • Friedrich Zillmann: Helene Böhlau. A contribution to their appreciation. Xenien, Leipzig 1918 DNB 578493578

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Friedrichs states “November 22, 1859 (not 1856) in Weimar”. Cf. Elisabeth Friedrichs: The German-speaking women writers of the 18th and 19th centuries. A lexicon . Metzler, Stuttgart 1981, p. 4.
  2. ↑ Lt. Friedrichs she died in Widdersberg near Herrsching, Ammersee.
  3. ↑ Max Lesser: Götterdämmerung. In: Neues Wiener Tagblatt. 35 (1901) # 243, September 5, 1901, pp. 1-3, here: p. 3.
  4. ↑ Both in full text at Projekt Gutenberg-DE in separate sections
  5. ↑ later editions: Ratsmädelgeschichten. , JCC Bruns, Minden from 1914. Seven stories. Table of contents of this edition at DNB Online
  6. ↑ Both in full text in Project Gutenberg-DE as "Altweimarian love and marriage stories"
  7. ↑ Under the collective titles "Altweimarian ..." or "Liebes -..." or "Marriage stories", other of their numerous stories were repeatedly published in different editions. Full text of this entire volume at Projekt Gutenberg-DE . Six individual titles from it are also listed separately here; the 7th text is "The densely grown garden" as chap. 6th
  8. ↑ Full text in Project Gutenberg-DE as chap. 5 from "A Summer Book"
  9. ↑ Full texts in Project Gutenberg-DE as chap. 3 and 7 of "A Summer Book"
  10. ↑ Autobiographical novel . Also in GW 6, 1915; again in GW 2, Romane und Erzählungen 1, Böhlau Verlag 1929. Reviews by Hermann Kienzl and Gertrud Bäumer , documented in Gudrun Wedel: Autobiographies of women. A lexicon. Böhlau, Cologne 2010, ISBN 978-3-412-20585-0 . ( limited preview in Google Book search)
  11. ↑ "Liebeswirrwarr" is the subtitle. Full text at Projekt Gutenberg-DE
  12. ↑ Full text at Projekt Gutenberg-DE
  13. ↑ A very illuminating autobiographical essay on her childhood
  14. ↑ Full text in Project Gutenberg-DE udT “Youth” as chap. 4 from "A Summer Book"

Web links

Wikisource: Helene Böhlau  - sources and full texts
personal data
SURNAME Böhlau, Helene
ALTERNATIVE NAMES al Raschid Bey, Helene
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer
DATE OF BIRTH November 22, 1856
PLACE OF BIRTH Weimar
DATE OF DEATH March 26, 1940
Place of death augsburg