Oblomov

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Edition from 1862

Oblomow or Oblomov ( Russian Обломов ) is a novel by Ivan Goncharov (1812-1891) published in 1859 . Goncharov's three novels - Obyknowennaja istorija ( An Everyday Story , 1847), Oblomow , (1859) and Obryw ( The Gorge , 1869) - each published a decade apart - form a thematic unit. They are all dedicated to the type of the talented, educated, ideal, but devoted to productive laziness and complete passivity , the immediate descendants of the Lischnij tschelowek ( superfluous man ) of Russian literature of the first half of the 19th century ( Pushkin , Lermontow ).

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In Goncharov's most important novel, the lazy Russian nobleman is embodied by the title hero Ilya Ilyich Oblomov. Through the material security of his stand in a position, his introversion maintain and inaction, Oblomov is no escape from the suffocating silence, indolence and sleepiness which the representation of his life as a leitmotif through them. He loses himself in the dream of a safe, secure life free of all responsibility, in which the afternoon nap is the center and focus of daily activities. Plans to look after the father's estate Oblomowka are postponed from one day to the next, which is why it is falling into disrepair.

A turning point seems to be on the horizon when Oblomov is introduced to young Olga by his friend Stolz, a German-Russian who is the opposite of Oblomow in every respect. With eroticism and intellect, he seems to succeed in breaking Oblomov's passivity. But in the end she doesn't succeed in overcoming Oblomov's lethargy either . The relationship fails.

Cheated by his friend Tarantyev, Oblomov and his loyal servant Zechar have to move into an apartment that Tarantyev has procured - the trip abroad, which Stolz is so eager for, does not take place. In keeping with his character, Oblomov does not resist the adverse circumstances, he spends his days doing nothing and enjoys the good cuisine of the hostess Agafja Matveevna.

Stolz makes one last attempt to get Oblomov's life in order and takes the management of Oblomov's estate into his own hands. He promises to travel to Stolz as soon as possible and personally take over the leadership of Oblomowka. But this does not occur. Stolz, who has meanwhile married Olga, can thwart the plans of Tarantiev and his accomplice Ivan Matveevich, the brother of Oblomov's housekeeper, to ruin Oblomov, but Oblomov finally sinks into lethargy.

Years later, when Stolz learns that Oblomov has married the kind-hearted but simple-minded Agafya, he gives him away for good, but promises to keep her son away from his father's path. Oblomov, ill from indifference and hit by a stroke , dies without having tried again to shape his life.

After his death, his son Andrej, named after pride, grows up with him, while the widowed Agafja works as a housekeeper for her brother again. Sachar, who is still mourning his master, has grown old and blind and is chased away as a beggar.

The tragedy and senselessness of Oblomov's life brings Pride, which begins in the last chapter to tell Oblomov's story, regretfully to the point: "He did not perish for anything."

Impact history

The unmasking of "oblomovtum" ( Russian обломовщина / Oblomowschtschina - in other translations also "oblomovery") - as a committed accusation against the ruling society of landowners, the land and service nobility, is the merit of Dobroljubov's extensive work Schto takoje oblomowschtschina ( What is Oblomovtum ), which contributed significantly to the spread and impact of the novel. The name of the title hero "Oblomow" was introduced into psychiatry and was intended to describe the personality structure of a weak-willed neurotic who is characterized by apathy , laziness and parasitism . This type allows others to take care of themselves while otherwise not failing intellectually, mentally and morally. His leisure is neither productive nor able to enjoy it. Hermann Beland describes the charm of the novel in the fate of the projective identification of the main characters, with Oblomow at the center of the action.

expenditure

German translations

Theater adaptations

  • Oblomow , arranged by Franz Xaver Kroetz , first performance 1968, Büchnertheater Munich
  • Oblomov , in an adaptation by Peter Stephan Jungk, directed by Robert Hunger-Bühler, premiere on April 25, 2005, Theater am Pfauen , Zurich

Radio play adaptations

reception

Oblomow was included in the ZEIT library of 100 books .

filming

  • Несколько дней из жизни И. И. Обломова (Days from the Life of Ilya Oblomov), USSR 1980, directed by Nikita Sergejewitsch Michalkow

literature

  • KLL 9, 1986.
  • Walther Rehm : Goncharov and Jacobsen or boredom and melancholy. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1963.
  • Milton Honor: Oblomov and his Creator. The Life and Art of Ivan Goncharov. Princeton University Press, Princeton 1973, ISBN 0-691-06245-5 .
  • Galya Diment: Goncharov's Oblomov. A Critical Companion. Northwestern University Press, Evanston 1998, ISBN 0-8101-1405-4 .
  • Josef Rattner : Pampering and Neurosis: Mental Illness as a Result of Upbringing - A Psychological Interpretation of Gontscharows Roman Oblomow. Claasen, Zurich / Stuttgart 1968.
  • Heide Rohse: The invisible tears. Psychoanalytic thoughts on Ivan A. Goncharov's "Oblomow". In: Heide Rohse: Invisible Tears. Effi Briest - Oblomow - Anton Reiser - Passion Christi. Psychoanalytic literary interpretations on Theodor Fontane, Iwan A. Gontscharow, Karl Philipp Moritz and the New Testament . Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2000, ISBN 3-8260-1879-6 , pp. 33-69.
  • Daniel Schümann: Oblomov fictions. On the productive reception of IA Gončarov's novel Oblomov in German-speaking countries. (= Literatura. , Volume 16). Ergon, Würzburg 2005, ISBN 3-89913-424-9 . (also dissertation at the University of Bamberg 2003).
  • Stefan Zweig : The triumph of indolence. Ivan Goncharov: Oblomov. In: Reviews 1902–1939. Encounters with books . 1983 ( E-Text )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hermann Beland: The fear of thinking and doing. Psychosozial-Verlag, Gießen 2008, 1st edition, ISBN 978-3-89806-859-8 , p. 213.