Harki (ethnic group)

The Harki (also: Herki , Persian هرکی) are a Kurdish tribe from the Iranian province of West Azerbaijan . The tribal area borders on eastern Anatolia and northeastern Iraq .

Until 1963, the Harki in Iran were demonstrably predominantly nomadic . Their habitat was along the borders of Iraq and Turkey , west and southwest of Lake Urmi , respectively . They maintained their summer camps in the highlands of Dahestan ( Targavar and Daštbil ); their winter quarters are also in Margavar . About 1350 families could be counted. Important clans were the Mandān , the Sayyedān and the Sarhāti .

The Harki live very scattered in Turkey and Iraq. At the turn of the 20th century it was described that some families settled near Erzurum , around Lake Van and near the Iraqi city of Mosul . Not far from Mosul, some lived in the winter months between Arbil and Ravāndez and in the summer by the waters and feeds the little Zab . Their nomadic migrations were described in more detail.

The Harki of Persia joined Sheikh Ubeydallah , an influential Kurdish sheikh of the Naqshbandi order. Ubeydallah was also the leader of the Sheikh Ubeydallah uprising , which was one of the most significant "(proto) nationalist" Kurdish uprising movements of the 19th century and which campaigned for the establishment of an independent Kurdish state. In 1880 he immigrated to Iran. This process was repeated again in 1946, when the Harki Qazi supported Mohammed in the same project. This was granted short-term success with the establishment of the Republic of Mahabad , three days after the establishment of the Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan .

Web links

Harki . In: Ehsan Yarshater (Ed.): Encyclopædia Iranica (English, including references)

Individual evidence

↑ “Ilāt va ʿašāyer-e Irān,” in Komisiun-e melli-e Yune-sko dar Irān (UNESCO), Irān-šahr I, Tehran, 1342 Š. / 1963, pp. 114-66.
^ B. Dickson, “Journeys in Kurdistan,” The Geographical Journal 35, April 1910, pp. 357-79.
↑ Martin van Bruinessen: Agha, Sheikh and State. Politics and Society of Kurdistan. Berlin 1989, p. 342.
^ H. Arfa: The Kurds. London, 1966.

[1] “Ilāt va ʿašāyer-e Irān,” in Komisiun-e melli-e Yune-sko dar Irān (UNESCO), Irān-šahr I, Tehran, 1342 Š. / 1963, pp. 114-66.

[2] B. Dickson, “Journeys in Kurdistan,” The Geographical Journal 35, April 1910, pp. 357-79.

[3] Martin van Bruinessen: Agha, Sheikh and State. Politics and Society of Kurdistan. Berlin 1989, p. 342.

[4] H. Arfa: The Kurds. London, 1966.