Household and women's labor school (Heilbronn)

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Jewelery diploma from the Heilbronn women's labor school

The household and women's work school in Heilbronn was a one-year vocational school, at which lessons in textile works (clothes and laundry sewing) were given. The school, one of the few educational opportunities for girls and young women, was founded as a women's labor school on October 1, 1876 in Heilbronn. After the Second World War, in which the Heilbronn school building was destroyed, the school was upgraded to a full establishment in 1949/1950 and housed in a former youth hostel in the Heilbronn district of Böckingen . Most recently a home economics vocational school , the school was closed on August 1, 1974.

history

Women's labor school in Wolf'schen Haus 1876/77

As early as March 1873, a request had been submitted to the Heilbronn municipal council calling for a women's labor school to be set up. However, the latter passed the application on to the trade association with the request to make a contribution. The trade association answered the request on March 21, 1876 and emphasized the importance of such an institution. After further consultations by the commission, the Heilbronn household and women's work school was finally founded on October 1, 1876 in what was then Wolf's house near the old bridge. One of the school's drawing rooms was located in the slaughterhouse hall. Although the school had the character of a municipal institution at the time, it was nevertheless supervised by the Royal Württemberg Commission for commercial advanced training schools.

Women's labor school in the former fruit house 1877–1944

The Heilbronn Kieselmarkt in the 19th century on a postcard, with the city archive (left) and the women's labor school (right)
The women's labor school at Lohtorstraße 26
Program: “Schiller's Song of the Bell in 10 Living Pictures”.

On July 5, 1877, the former fruit house at Lohtorstrasse 26 had to be set up as a women's labor school. The reason for this was the steady increase in the number of female students. When the school was founded, there were 35 students and two teachers in the first year of school. At the end of the school year 1876 the number of female students had grown from 35 to 100 and three more teachers had to be hired. In the next quarter, in 1877, there were already 120 students, which in turn made it necessary to employ more teachers. For the first time, teachers were employed who had not been trained at Reutlingen but at Heilbronn women's labor school.

In 1877, several new subjects were offered at the school, including commercial accounting. In the school, emphasis was also placed on drawing lessons, which were intended to provide the girls and young women with a basis for handicrafts that were considered “feminine” and that could be useful both at home and at work. These handicrafts were especially sewing and embroidery. Accordingly, the school also had four specialist courses: In addition to courses in embroidery, courses in hand, machine and clothing sewing were also offered, with each of these four courses lasting eleven weeks and spread over the whole year.

There were annual school exhibitions, where drawings and handicrafts by the girls and young women were presented to the public and were awarded prizes by a jury. In 1881 the school received a price of 100 marks for exhibited drawings and handicrafts. The women's labor school in Heilbronn ranked fourth after Reutlingen, Stuttgart and Biberach. The prize money was distributed to the girls and young women who created the works on display.

On April 15, 1885, the Heilbronn women's labor school performed the play “Schiller's Song of the Bell in 10 Living Pictures”.

The number of schoolgirls increased by 180 to 200 annually, so that the building had to be increased by one floor between 1885 and 1886 (according to another source, 1888), which cost 30,000 marks.

On April 23, 1897, the school received a gold medal for the excellence in arts and crafts exhibited the previous year.

The number of female pupils in 1897 was 3,970 and in 1901 there were eight permanent teachers and two assistant teachers at the school. There was also a teacher for drawing and commercial bookkeeping.

On October 1, 1901, on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the school, festivities took place in the theater of the women's labor school, at which the then Mayor Paul Hegelmaier gave a speech:

“Our women's labor school is celebrating its 25th cradle today, an occasion that is well suited for not only the current but also the former students to come together to celebrate this day with joy. In particular, the former students will like to remember the time in which they learned something for practical life. The older women among you will be one of the best able to judge the great value the school has for them and that this is the case, as evidenced by today's numerous visits and the fact that today's jubilee is gaining general attendance throughout the city pleased. "

In 1924 the number of female pupils for a day course was 368. In the meantime, the training of specialist teachers at the Heilbronn women's labor school had been abolished.

On October 6, 1926, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the school, festivities were held in Harmonie , with the then Mayor Emil Beutinger being present. As part of the festivities, it was announced that the Heilbronn women's labor school may again train specialist teachers.

Provisional in the Kaisers' coffee shop 1944–1950

On December 4, 1944, the building at Lohtorstraße 26 was destroyed and the school was initially evacuated to Schwaigern due to a lack of accommodation within the destroyed city . After that, the company canteen of Kaisers' coffee shop served as a classroom for the women's work school.

Household and women's work school in Böckingen 1950–1974

The former household and women's labor school at Landwehrstrasse 70 in Böckingen

In 1949 the city administration decided to build a new women's labor school. At the same time it was decided to open a housekeeping school. The school was thus turned into a full establishment and the curriculum was expanded to include the subjects of home economics.

The school was given a building in Böckingen at Landwehrstrasse 70, which was once built as a youth hostel in the 1930s. During the Second World War the house was used as a factory. In 1949/1950 the house was set up as a women's labor school and opened for school operations on April 17, 1950. On April 27, 1950 at 11 a.m., the school was subsequently inaugurated with a topping-out ceremony .

Walter Maisak created a large wall fresco with female figures there, as in the girls' middle school in Heilbronn , which had "housewife diligence" as its theme. The mural by Maisak was above the entrance portal and showed four women: one woman was holding a saucepan with potholders in her hands, another was sewing by hand, another woman was working with a sewing machine and the last woman was embroidering.

The women's work and household school was a secondary school to which pupils from the girls' middle school, grammar school or elementary school had access. In 1950, 140 day pupils attended the school. Working housewives could attend afternoon courses and evening courses.

The curriculum for the women's labor school included sewing and cutting, mending and pattern drawing, fabric studies, handicrafts and decorating work. This should enable every girl and every young woman in the school to do laundry and to cut and sew clothes independently for their own needs. The students were able to take part in the courses in half-yearly courses.

The curriculum for the housekeeping school included cooking, baking and canning with food theory, health education, nursing and baby care, German and parenting, life studies, housekeeping, horticulture, gymnastics and singing. A home economics and housemother education was the aim of this curriculum. Attending the housekeeping school saved the attendance of the domestic vocational school or the rural vocational school for girls. Attending the one-year housekeeping school was mandatory for the job of kindergarten teachers, major nurses, children's nurses, HHT teachers and nurses' preschool.

On August 1, 1974, at a meeting in Eppingen, the Heilbronn district council lifted the one-year vocational school where instruction in textile manufacturing (clothes and laundry sewing) was given.

Today the building on Landwehrstr. 70 used by the Neckartalschule , a special needs school at which Rector Niederberger is the headmaster and which emerged from the Wilhelm Hofmann School , for which a pavilion building was built in 1963 in the courtyard of the neighboring Grünewald School .

Headmistresses

year Headmistress comment
1877-1900 Miss Eisenlohr To mark the 25th anniversary of the festival, “Frl. Eisenlohr brought a pretty poem to the lecture in which her longing for the place that she has become cherished by female industry and youthful endeavors resonated. Finally, she wished the school a happy prosperity for many years to come and cheered the old and young students. “Miss Eisenlohr died in early March 1931 and in 1897 received the gold medal from the city council for outstanding achievements in the arts and crafts at the Stuttgart exhibition.
1900-1908 Miss Andreä
1908-1930 Miss W. Wagner "That the school under Miss Wagner's management is completely up to date, a prerequisite for the popular training course (for specialist teachers)"
1931-1944 Miss H. Schmid
1950-1959 Miss Klara Bisinger
1959-1968 Director Lucie Schneider On June 30, 1959, Schneider was appointed director of the Heilbronn household and women's work school. Before that, she was a teacher at the women's labor schools in Korntal, Münsingen, Aalen, Calw, Nagold, Ulm, Künzelsau and Öhringen. In July 1964 she received a certificate of honor from Prime Minister Kiesinger.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Heilbronn am Neckar . Heimrich (Städtebuchverlag), Stuttgart 1966, p. 92
  2. ↑ a b c d e f The 25th anniversary of the women's labor school , Neckarzeitung No. 231, of October 2, 1901, p. 1
  3. ↑ a b Women's Labor School canceled , Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung, November 10, 1974, p. 3
  4. ^ A b Official catalog for the Heilbronn industrial, commercial and art exhibition in 1897. Verlag von Haasenstein & Vogler, Stuttgart 1897, p. 69
  5. ↑ Gewerbeblatt from Württemberg (published by the Royal Central Office for Trade and Industry), 1881, p. 84.
  6. ↑ Article in Heilbronner Voice April 4, 1985, No. 80, p. 13, Nostalgie '85
  7. ^ Chronicle of the city of Heilbronn. Heilbronn City Archives, Volume II, Heilbronn 1897, p. 14
  8. ↑ Schwäbischer Merkur / Kronik / Handelszeitung of October 15, 1926 No. 481, p. 4
  9. ↑ a b c The 50th anniversary of the women's work school , Heilbronner-Abend-Zeitung, from 7/8. October 1926
  10. ↑ Schools without Windows and Doors , Official Gazette, May 8, 1970, No. 26, p. 2
  11. ↑ Already 75 years of household and women's labor school Heilbronn, Official Gazette, July 13, 1951, No. 28, p. 1.
  12. ↑ Becoming perfect housewives , Neckar-Echo No. 63, March 16, 1967
  13. ↑ Helmut Schmolz, Hubert Weckbach (ed.): Heilbronn with Böckingen, Neckargartach, Sontheim. The old city in words and pictures. (Volume 2.) Konrad, Weißenhorn, 1967 (Publications of the Archives of the City of Heilbronn, 15), No. 94 Böckingen, Allenschule (now Grünewaldschule), laying of the foundation stone, 1912
  14. ↑ Women's Labor School and Housekeeping School , Official Gazette, February 14, 1950, No. 7, p. 7
  15. ↑ a b Heilbronner Voice of April 27, 1950 No. 97, p. 6 Reached a station again
  16. ↑ Heilbronn voice from April 28, 1950 Happy counter-sound under the Richtbaum
  17. ↑ a b Women's Labor School reopened , Neckar-Echo, April 18, 1950, No. 89, p. 5
  18. ↑ Heilbronn voice of April 15, 1950, No. 87, page 6 Women's labor school opens
  19. ↑ a b Educational Center for Girls and Young Women , Heilbronner Voice, January 3, 1966, No. 1, p. 10
  20. ↑ Peppered in the cooking pots of the schoolgirls , Heilbronner Voice, September 16, 1960, No. 63, p. 3
  21. ↑ http://www.heilbronn.de/daten/sch_bil/bildungsmanagement/Schulbericht06_07.pdf  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.heilbronn.de  
  22. ↑ Personalalien , Neckar-Zeitung, from March 9, 1931, No. 56, p. 7
  23. ↑ a b Schwäbischer Merkur / Kronik / Handelszeitung of October 15, 1926, No. 481, p. 4
  24. ↑ Heilbronn Women's Labor School , Neckar-Zeitung, December 13, 1930, No. 292, p. 12
  25. ↑ Heilbronn Women's Labor School , Heilbronner Abend-Zeitung, July 11, 1931, No. 159, p. 6
  26. ↑ Another new school building in Heilbronn! , Official Journal, April 14, 1950, No. 15, p. 1
  27. ↑ Heilbronn am Neckar . Heimrich (Städtebuchverlag), Stuttgart 1966, p. 92
  28. ↑ Service anniversaries at the household and women's labor school , Neckar-Echo No. 172, from July 29, 1964

Web links

Commons : Household and Women's Labor School  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 49 ° 8 ′ 36.6 ″  N , 9 ° 11 ′ 32.4 ″  E