Emil Beutinger

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Emil Beutinger

Emil Beutinger (born August 9, 1875 in Heilbronn ; † October 19, 1957 there ) was a German architect . Together with Adolf Steiner , he formed the architectural association Beutinger & Steiner , which built numerous buildings, especially in Heilbronn. He was a member of the German Werkbund and from 1913 to 1921 director of the Wiesbaden School of Applied Arts. His buildings were widely published and were considered exemplary, he himself wrote books on building planning and costing and was the editor of the journal Der Industriebau . From 1921 to 1933 he was elected Lord Mayor of Heilbronn. After the Second World War he was reinstated in office in 1945/46 and headed the competition to rebuild the city, which was completely destroyed by the war and which made him an honorary citizen in 1955 .

Life

Origin and education

Emil Beutinger comes from one of the oldest families in the city of Heilbronn. He was born on August 9, 1875 in Heilbronn as the son of an engraver from the P. Bruckmann & Sons company . After an apprenticeship as a stonemason , he studied architecture at the building trade and art school in Stuttgart , at the Technical University of Darmstadt and in Berlin . In Berlin he worked for Otto Rieth after his exams . He also worked in Breslau and Finland, where he married Albertina Östmann (1873-1960) on September 25, 1903 in Tammerfors . In 1909 their daughter Stina was born, who later became an art historian and appears in Hermann Lenz's autobiographical novels as "Stina". Beutinger's other daughter Brita studied medicine in Munich, his son Erik Beutinger became an architect like his father.

architect

Drautz House in Heilbronn
Reference to the architects at the house at Wilhelmstrasse 17 in Heilbronn from 1907

The crematorium planned in 1901 at the main cemetery in Heilbronn is one of his first own buildings , which was built in the classicism style in 1905 after Beutinger's merger with the architect Adolf Steiner. The construction of this first crematorium in Württemberg was preceded by the publication of his specialist book on cremations in 1904.

The architectural office Beutinger & Steiner, based in Heilbronn and Darmstadt, built numerous houses in and around Heilbronn in quick succession, including residential houses and villas as well as stables and coach houses for the industrialist Brüggemann, the later Landauer 1905 department store and buildings for the Portland cement works in Lauffen am Neckar in 1911, the Nettel camera plant in Sontheim in 1912 and the Barth bodywork factory in Sontheim in 1913.

The trade journal Der Profanbau presented a larger selection of buildings by Beutinger and Steiner as early as 1907 and praised the architects “for the loving work through of all details, for the choice of materials, for the harmony in shape and color with the surroundings, with their own site and garden as with the neighborhood ” . Der Profanbau named the Drautz house in Heilbronn as an outstanding masterpiece of the architectural team , as an example of a “patrician house of modern style” , which the sculptor Adolph Amberg had also helped to build .

In 1911 Beutinger was appointed professor at the Wiesbaden School of Applied Arts , of which he was director from 1913 to 1921. For his services to the expansion of this school he was awarded the title of professor.

Specialist author and editor

During his time as an assistant at the chair for architecture at the Technical University in Darmstadt, Beutinger worked with the publisher Alexander Koch , for his magazines interior decoration. My home. My pride and German art and decoration he u. a. Discussed designs by colleagues such as Curjel & Moser and also sat on the jury of the magazines that awarded cash prizes for exemplary interior design designs. In the years that followed, Beutinger published a number of publications on costing and contract management in the building industry, several of which were also published by Koch in Darmstadt. Later Beutinger himself was the long-time editor of the journal Der Industriebau , which was published by Carl Scholtze Verlag in Leipzig, where Beutinger also published his book on submission in 1914 .

Mayor of Heilbronn 1921–1933

After the death of the Lord Mayor Paul Göbel in May 1921, he applied for the office of Lord Mayor of Heilbronn. The candidacy of the non-party Beutinger, who described himself as a democrat out of conviction, received the support of the SPD . On July 17, 1921, he was elected Lord Mayor with 72% of the votes cast ( voter turnout : 72%).

During his tenure, Beutinger devoted himself particularly to the urban development of Heilbronn. The cramped traffic conditions have been significantly improved through the creation of wide new thoroughfares. The expansion of the canal port , which has begun , falls during Beutinger's tenure as well as the expansion and modernization of the municipal utilities Gaswerk, Tram Heilbronn , Schlachthof and Milchversorgung Heilbronn AG. The city history museum was also founded in 1923 by Beutinger.

In 1931 Beutinger applied for another term of office. In addition to the SPD, which again spoke out in favor of him, the DDP , DVP and the center now also support him . The KPD put up its own candidate, the NSDAP called for abstention from voting or for an invalid vote to be cast. On June 7, 1931, Beutinger was re-elected for a term of 15 years with 85% of the votes cast (voter turnout: 46%).

Impeachment in 1933

Beutinger was a nuisance to Richard Drauz's leading Nazis in Heilbronn . After the Nazi seizure of power , a municipal council meeting took place on March 16, 1933, which was supposed to serve for the impeachment of Beutinger by the Nazi regime. Only 17 out of 30 councils were present as Social Democrats, Communists and other councils the regime disliked had been beaten, arrested or intimidated. Since Beutinger was ill, the meeting was chaired by his deputy Karl Wulle ( DDP ), who at the beginning made a statement that the city administration and the municipal council “intended to loyally fulfill their duties and tasks in view of the new situation”. Although Beutinger had announced his speedy recovery in a letter, those present elected the city councilor Heinrich Valid (NSDAP) as the first deputy of the mayor and the city councilor Theodor Krauss (civil association) as the second deputy. On March 17th, Valid was appointed State Commissioner, on August 16th, Mayor. On April 11th, an investigation was initiated against Beutinger on suspicion of misappropriating the remuneration of the Supervisory Board, and on April 24th he was suspended from work. He was acquitted by the district court on June 22nd, but on July 26th he was retired against his will on the basis of the law to restore the civil service . On the evening of June 22nd, out of "indignation" at the verdict, the Nazi regime organized an attack by 27 SA members armed with sticks, clubs and stakes on his house in Gemmingstal. The building and the furnishings were badly damaged, but Beutinger himself escaped through a window without being noticed. Investigations against the perpetrators were initiated, but were put down by the Württemberg governor and Nazi Gauleiter Wilhelm Murr . Only in July 1949 was a trial of nine survivors held.

Lord Mayor of Heilbronn 1945–1946

On April 13, 1945, at the age of 69, Beutinger was reinstated by the US military government in his former position as Lord Mayor and also as District Administrator of the Heilbronn district , where he only held the latter position for a short time. The city owes him significant impulses for the further expansion of the Neckar Canal and for the reconstruction of the city, which was completely destroyed in the air raids on Heilbronn in the Second World War . Beutinger directed the artistic competition for the reconstruction of Heilbronn's old town. During his post-war tenure as Lord Mayor, Beutinger hired two mayors: Paul Meyle , who was an authorized signatory at the Heilbronn company Knorr and was to become one of Beutinger's successors, and the former concentration camp inmate Walter Vielhauer .

As Lord Mayor, Emil Beutinger was from January to June 1946 a member of the provisional parliament for the state of Württemberg-Baden, established by the military government .

Not re-elected by the municipal council in 1946, he retired as Lord Mayor on October 1, 1946, but was still active as a DVP City Councilor from 1948 to 1950 .

Retirement and death

On August 19, 1955, he was made an honorary citizen of the city of Heilbronn. He died on October 19, 1957 in Heilbronn.

Buildings (selection)

Crematorium, Heilbronn main cemetery, built in 1905
Grünewald School in Böckingen, built in 1913
Wegener Mausoleum in Osnabrück, published 1907

Fonts

  • Handbook of Cremation. Leipzig 1904.
  • Guidelines for estimating (building cost calculation). For teaching and self-teaching. Degener, Leipzig 1908.
  • Cost estimates for the construction industry. Alexander Koch, Darmstadt 1909.
  • Labor contracts for the construction industry. Alexander Koch, Darmstadt 1909.
  • Estimating in building construction. Concise manual on the nature of the estimate. Göschen, Berlin / Leipzig 1912.
  • The construction management. Concise manual on the nature of construction management. 2nd edition, Göschen, Berlin / Leipzig 1914.
  • The submission system. Studies of the influencing factors and their effect on the economic situation in trade, commerce and industry. Scholtze, Leipzig 1914.
  • Memorandum about the Neckar Canal and its influence on the future Heilbronn town plan. 1929.

literature

  • Werner Föll: The term of office of Lord Mayor Professor Emil Beutinger. In: Chronicle of the City of Heilbronn. Volume III: 1922-1933. (= Publications of the Archives of the City of Heilbronn , Volume 29.) City Archives Heilbronn, Heilbronn 1986, ISBN 3-928990-14-4 , page LXV – LXX.
  • Helmut Schmolz , Christhard Schrenk, Hubert Weckbach: Heilbronn from a bird's eye view. Aerial photographs from the years 1906 to 1991. (= Publications of the Heilbronn Archives , Volume 32.) Heilbronn City Archives, Heilbronn 1991, ISBN 3-928990-16-0 .
  • Buildings by architects Beutinger & Steiner, BDA, Darmstadt-Heilbronn. In: Der Profanbau , 3rd year 1907, No. 19 (from October 1, 1907), p. 285 ff.
  • Otto Schulze-Kolbitz: Architect Emil Beutinger - Darmstadt and Heilbronn. In: German Art and Decoration , 14th half volume (April to September 1904), pp. 462–467. ( Digitized version )

Web links

Sources and Notes

  1. ↑ "The inside is not affected by the external circumstances." Hanne Trautwein - Hermann Lenz . The Correspondence 1937-1946 , ed. by Michael Schwidtal, Insel Verlag 2018, ISBN 978-3458177722 , p. 17 u. ö.
  2. ^ Civil status of the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich. Winter half year 1929/30 , p. 86 ( digitized version )
  3. ↑ Historical Register of Architects on www.kmkbuecholdt.de
  4. ^ Der Profanbau , 3rd year 1907, p. 289.
  5. ^ Der Profanbau , 3rd year 1907, p. 293.
  6. ^ Chronicle of the city of Heilbronn. Volume III: 1922-1933. (= Small series of publications from the Heilbronn Archives , Volume 29.) Heilbronn City Archives, Heilbronn 1986, ISBN 3-928990-14-4 , p. 539 f.
  7. ↑ Susanne Schlösser: Chronicle of the city of Heilbronn. Volume IV: 1933-1938. (= Small series of publications from the Heilbronn Archives , Volume 39.) Heilbronn City Archives, Heilbronn 2001, ISBN 3-928990-77-2 , pages XIX – XXIII, 11–12 and 33.
  8. ↑ Peter U. Quattländer: Heilbronn. Planning the reconstruction of the old town. (= Small series of publications by the Heilbronn City Archives, Volume 28.) Heilbronn City Archives, Heilbronn 1994, ISBN 3-928990-45-4
personal data
SURNAME Beutinger, Emil
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect and Lord Mayor of Heilbronn
DATE OF BIRTH August 9, 1875
PLACE OF BIRTH Heilbronn
DATE OF DEATH October 19, 1957
Place of death Heilbronn