Provisional parliament for Württemberg-Baden
In 1946, the Provisional People's Representation for Württemberg-Baden was a parliament-like body in the state of Württemberg-Baden in the American occupation zone , whose main task was to advise the civilian government set up by the military government of the United States . It was the forerunner of the Constituent Assembly, which was freely elected on June 30, 1946 . It corresponded to the Appointed Diets of the other countries in the American and British occupation zones .
history
After the Second World War , the states of Baden and Württemberg were divided between the American occupation zone in the north and the French zone in the south. The states of Württemberg-Hohenzollern and Baden were established within the French zone, and the state of Württemberg-Baden in the American zone .
As early as June 20, 1945, the American military government convened a district councilor conference for North Württemberg in Murrhardt . The district administrators of the 15 North Württemberg districts occupied by the Americans were invited. The state capital Stuttgart and the districts of Böblingen , Esslingen , Leonberg , Nürtingen and Vaihingen were not represented because they were still under the French occupation forces at that time. Reinhold Maier and Wilhelm Keil took part in the conference as volunteer advisors. Further district council conferences took place on July 11, 1945 in Schwäbisch Gmünd , on August 15, 1945 in Ludwigsburg , on October 10, 1945 in Bad Boll and on November 21, 1945 in Schnait . At the conference in Schnait, representatives from the northern part of Baden were also present for the first time.
On January 10, 1946, the military government passed a law that ordered the convening of a provisional representative body to replace the district councilors' conference. The Provisional People's Representation only had an advisory role; Its resolutions had the character of recommendations for the civilian state government set up by the military government under Prime Minister Reinhold Maier .
The inaugural meeting of the Provisional People's Representation took place on January 16, 1946 in the Great House of the Württemberg State Theater in Stuttgart. Thereafter, there were a total of nine working sessions between January 30, 1946 and June 19, 1946. The provisional parliament was replaced by the constitutional state assembly, which was freely elected on June 30, 1946 .
composition
The members of the Provisional People's Representation were not elected, but appointed by the military government. Wilhelm Keil (SPD) was installed as president . His deputy was the independent mayor of Mannheim, Josef Braun . The Provisional People's Representation had a total of 124 members. It was composed as follows:
- President Wilhelm Keil (SPD) as chairman
- Prime Minister Reinhold Maier (DVP)
- 8 other members of the government
- 12 representatives of the CDU
- 12 representatives of the SPD
- 12 representatives of the DVP
- 12 representatives of the KPD
- 28 district administrators
- 8 Lord Mayors
- 4 trade union representatives
- 4 representatives of the chambers of industry and commerce
- 4 representatives of the chambers of crafts
- 8 representatives from agriculture
- 4 representatives of the universities
- 6 representatives of the churches
Members
A.
- Rudolf Agricola , KPD
- Josef Amann , SPD
- Josef Andre , Minister for Special Use, CDU
- Hans Anschütz , CDU
B.
- Karl-Heinrich Bauer , representative of the universities
- Robert Bauser , KPD
- Julius Bender , representative of the Protestant Church
- Heinrich Berggötz , CDU
- Henry Bernhard , DVP
- Ludwig Bernheim , District Administrator of the Buchen district
- Emil Beutinger , Lord Mayor of Heilbronn
- Josef Beyerle , Minister of Justice, CDU
- Franz Bläsi , CDU
- Franz Böning , representative of the trade unions
- Ludwig Bolz , representative of the farmers
- Fritz Brändlein , KPD
- Josef Braun , Lord Mayor of Mannheim
- Josef Brönner , District Administrator of the Mergentheim District , CDU
- Hans Brümmer , representative of the trade unions
- Albert Buchmann , KPD
- Konrad Burkhardt , District Administrator of the Schwäbisch Gmünd district
C.
- Fritz Cahn-Garnier , Minister of Finance, SPD
D.
- Karl Daurer , District Administrator of the Crailsheim district
- Karl Dees , DVP
- Max Denker , SPD
- Erich Dietz , District Administrator of the Schwäbisch Hall district
- Richard Dissinger , District Administrator of the Pforzheim District
- Jakob Dobler , representative of the farmers
- Erwin Dörzbacher , District Administrator of the District of Mosbach
- Willy Dürr , DVP
E.
- Karl Eberhardt , District Administrator of the District of Nürtingen , replaced by Ernst Schaude
- Karl Eppele , SPD
- Fritz Eppinger , district administrator for the district of Öhringen
- Joseph Ersing , CDU
F.
- Gertrud Frühschütz , KPD
G
- Valentin Gaa , CDU
- Karl Gaiser , DVP
- Karl Geppert , District Administrator of the Mannheim district
- Adalbert Gramlich , CDU
- Richard Grammel , representative of the universities
- Karl Grathwohl , DVP
- Roman Großmann , District Administrator of the Sinsheim district
- Ernst Guggenheimer , representative of the churches
H
- Kurt Haag , representative of the chambers of crafts
- Wolfgang Haussmann , DVP
- Hans Hege , representative of the farmers
- Jakob Hering , SPD
- Karl Hettich , SPD
- Karl Hettinger , SPD
- Fridolin Heurich , CDU
- Theodor Heuss , Minister of Culture, DVP
- Simon Hirt , representative of the churches
- Heinz Hohner , district administrator of the Künzelsau district
- Ernst Hornung , SPD
- Walther Hoß , SPD, District Administrator of the Boeblingen district
- Anton Huber , CDU
- Paul Huber, representative of the churches
J
- Hellmuth Jäger , District Administrator of the Ludwigsburg district
K
- Friedrich Adolf Katz , Lord Mayor of the City of Pforzheim
- Wilhelm Keil , President, SPD
- Alois Kimmelmann , SPD
- Robert Klausmann , KPD
- Arnulf Klett , Lord Mayor of the City of Stuttgart
- Hermann Kling , CDU
- Hans Kneher , representative of the chambers of industry and commerce
- Heinrich Köhler , Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Economics, CDU
- Rudolf Kohl , Minister of Labor, KPD
- Thank God Kopp , DVP
- Max Kottmann , representative of the churches
- Wilhelm Künzler , KPD
- Franz-Josef Kuhn , representative of the farmers
- Johannes Kuhn , representative of the farmers
- Friedrich Kuhnle , District Administrator of the Vaihingen District
L.
- Fritz Landenberger , District Administrator of the Esslingen District
- Antonie Langendorf , KPD
- Willi Lausen , SPD
- Franz Xaver Link , DVP
- Josef Locher , representative of the farmers
- Max von Lütgendorff-Leinburg , District Administrator of the Aalen district
M.
- Reinhold Maier , Prime Minister, DVP
- Johann Adam Mannschott , DVP
- Bernhard Meißner , DVP
- Paul Metz , District Administrator of the Göppingen District
- Arthur Meyer , representative of the chambers of industry and commerce
- Werner Middelmann , District Administrator of the Bruchsal District
- Franz Mittelbach , representative of the chambers of industry and commerce
- Adolf Münzinger , representative of the universities
N
- Alfred Neff , District Administrator of the Karlsruhe District
- Hermann Nuding , KPD
O
- Eugen Orgeldinger , DVP
P
- Peter Pfisterer , representative of the farmers
- Albert Pflüger , SPD
- Rudolf Plank , representative of the universities
R.
- Richard Reile , district administrator of the Tauberbischofsheim district
- Christian Rieker , SPD
- Hans Rueß , KPD
S.
- Carl Schaefer , DVP
- Ernst Schaude , District Administrator of the District of Nürtingen , successor to Karl Eberhardt
- Peter Schilpp , CDU
- Markus Schleicher , representative of the trade unions
- Anton Schmidt , District Administrator of the Waiblingen district
- Valentin Schmitt , representative of the farmers
- Robert Scholl , Lord Mayor of the City of Ulm
- Paul Schreck , KPD
- Ludwig Schröter , District Administrator of the Leonberg District
- Karl Schwarz, representative of the chambers of crafts
- Robert Sieber , representative of the chambers of crafts
- Hermann Sihler , District Administrator of the Heilbronn District
- Wilhelm Simpfendörfer , CDU
- Ernst Sindlinger , District Administrator of the District of Ulm
- Hermann Specht , District Administrator of the District of Heidelberg , DVP
- Richard Stark , KPD
- Otto Steinmayer , Minister of Transport, SPD
- Heinrich Stooß , CDU
- Karl Suess , DVP
T
- Friedrich Töpper , Lord Mayor of Karlsruhe , SPD
- Friedrich Tränkle , District Administrator of the Backnang District
- Jakob Trumpfheller , representative of the trade unions
U
- Fritz Ulrich , Minister of the Interior, SPD
V
- Hermann Veit , SPD
W.
- Ernst Walz , Lord Mayor of the City of Heidelberg
- Johannes Weißer , SPD
- Franz Wiedemeier , CDU
- Theophil Wurm , representative of the Protestant Church
Z
- Max von Zabern , District Administrator of the Heidenheim district
- Gustav Zimmermann , SPD
Sources and Notes
- ↑ The list of participants is published in: Landkreisnachrichten aus Baden-Württemberg, Volume 4 / Issue 3, September 1, 1965, page 26
- ↑ www.verfassungen.de: Law No. 15 on the Provisional Representation of the People for Württemberg-Baden
- ↑ Article 5 of Law No. 15
- ↑ Law No. 15 on the Provisional Representation of the People for Württemberg-Baden of January 10, 1946
- ↑ Landtag of Baden-Württemberg (ed.): MdL, the members of the Landtag in Baden-Württemberg 1946-1978 . Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-12-911930-2 , page 24 and page 199
literature
- Josef Weik: MdL, the members of the state parliaments in Baden-Württemberg. 1946-1988. Complete biographical directory of the representatives of the states of Baden, Württemberg-Baden, Württemberg-Hohenzollern 1946–1952, Baden-Württemberg 1952–1978. Published by the state parliament of Baden-Württemberg on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the state constitution. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-12-911930-2 , pp. 23-25.