CDU Baden-Württemberg
| CDU Baden-Württemberg | |||
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| Chairman | Thomas Strobl | ||
| Deputy |
Daniel Caspary Thorsten Frei Annette Widmann-Mauz |
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| Secretary General | Manuel Hagel | ||
| Treasurer | Ulrich Zeitel | ||
| executive Director | Philipp Mueller | ||
| Honorary Chairwoman |
Hans Filbinger † Lothar Späth † |
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| Establishment date | 15./16. January 1971 | ||
| Place of foundation | Stuttgart | ||
| Headquarters | Heilbronner Strasse 43 70191 Stuttgart |
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| Landtag mandates |
43/143 |
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| Number of members | 60,200 (as of November 2019) | ||
| Website | www.cdu-bw.de | ||
The CDU Baden-Württemberg is the state association of the CDU in Baden-Württemberg . With around 60,200 members, at the end of 2019 it was the second largest regional association of the CDU. The chairman is Thomas Strobl , Minister of the Interior and Deputy Prime Minister.
The regional association was founded in January 1971 through the merger of the regional associations of North Baden , South Baden, North Württemberg and Württemberg-Hohenzollern to form an umbrella organization.
From 1953 to 2011, the CDU in Baden-Württemberg continuously provided the state's prime minister. From 2011 to 2016, the CDU was the largest opposition party in the Stuttgart state parliament. The CDU has been represented in the state government again since May 2016, as a junior partner in a green-black coalition .
Inner structure
The state association is divided into the four district associations of North Baden, South Baden, North Württemberg and Württemberg-Hohenzollern according to the administrative districts in Baden-Württemberg. These in turn are divided into 41 district associations and over 800 city, community and local associations.
organs
The state party congress acts as the highest body of the CDU regional association and elects the members of the presidium and the state executive committee as well as the members of the state party court. A local peculiarity is the choice of delegates. The district associations each send one delegate for every 250 members. In addition, the 4 district associations send a delegate for each 60,000 voters in the last state election. This special regulation was created as a compromise within the framework of the unification of the individual regional associations and the “downgrading” to district associations.
The state board decides on the current policy of the CDU Baden-Württemberg, taking into account the resolutions of the state party congress. The Presidium represents the head of the state executive and - together with the state office - manages the day-to-day business of the state executive.
The state party court decides on statutory questions, election challenges, party exclusion proceedings, etc. a.
There are also state committees and working groups as organs of the board.
Members
Like all parties in Baden-Württemberg, the CDU regional association also has a membership density that is below average in comparison with West Germany. This has to do with the Southwest German tradition of small-scale political self-government. At the local level, it is not party affiliation that is decisive, but personality. A culture of distance and non-party membership therefore prevails at the local level.
The following table shows the development of the number of members since the foundation of the regional association. The highest number of members to date was reached at the end of 1984.
| time | Members |
|---|---|
| December 1970 | 45.504 |
| April 1973 | 58.001 |
| May 1981 | 87.276 |
| December 1984 | 96.146 |
| June 1991 | 91,876 |
| August 2001 | 81.264 |
| 2006 | 77,800 |
| 2016 | 64,864 |
In August 2001, 79% of the members were male and 21% female. The proportion of Catholic members was 60% at the time, that of Protestant members was 27%. The average age of the members in August 2001 was 56 years.
history
Predecessor organizations until the founding of the Southwest State
After the Second World War, a number of political groups emerged in the south-west, too, who wanted to overcome the mistake of fragmenting the political landscape of the Weimar Republic by founding a non-denominational party with Christian, bourgeois and liberal roots. In terms of party politics, the members of these groups were predominantly in the tradition of the center , but also partly in that of the Christian-Social People's Service , the German People's Party and the DNVP , which was represented in Württemberg by the former Citizens' Party and the Farmers and Vineyards Association .
Today's Baden-Württemberg was divided between the American and French occupation zones in 1945 . Therefore, the party organizations initially developed separately. In the area of the American occupation zone , the Christian Democratic Party (CDP) for North Baden was founded in Karlsruhe in 1945 and the Christian Social People's Party for North Württemberg in Stuttgart . In the French zone, the Baden Christian Social People's Party (BCSV) was formed on December 20, 1945 in Freiburg as the regional association for southern Baden . In the Württemberg-Hohenzollern area , the CDU emerged somewhat delayed by the French occupation policy. In 1947 the names were standardized.
The founding of the state of Baden-Wuerttemberg also resulted in a crucial test within the party. While the CDU in Württemberg was relatively closed to the south-western state and President Gebhard Müller was a strong supporter of the merger, it was precisely in Baden that the fiercest critics of the merger, such as President Leo Wohleb, came from the ranks of the Union. Within the party, an agreement was reached in 1949 on the “Freudenstadt Resolutions”, according to which this question was to be clarified in a referendum.
A joint regional association did not yet emerge after the state of Baden-Württemberg was founded in 1952. The merger to form a uniform regional association was not to take place until 1971. However, in order to be perceived as a state party speaking with one voice, especially during the election campaign, there was a conference of the four state chairmen, the so-called "four-person conference", which met at regular intervals until the unified state association was formed in 1971. This conference also included the Prime Minister and the CDU state ministers, the CDU state managers and a few other personalities.
Term of office Gebhard Müller
In the election for the state constituent assembly , the CDU was the strongest party with 36%. Nevertheless, a government was surprisingly initially formed without the CDU under Reinhold Maier ( FDP / DVP ) as a coalition of the SPD , FDP / DVP and BHE . Maier declared the 1953 Bundestag election to be a plebiscite about his politics and consequently had to resign after the Union in the southwest had won an absolute majority of votes in all parts of the country, including Baden. Now was Gebhard Müller on September 30, 1953 Prime Minister of an all-party coalition. From the CDU's point of view, this was the beginning of a unique success story. Since that day, the Prime Ministers in Baden-Württemberg have been appointed by the CDU for the following 57 years.
The CDU was also confirmed as the strongest party in the state elections in 1956, increasing its share of the vote to 42.6%. Gebhard Müller remained Prime Minister until 1958 when he moved to the Federal Constitutional Court as President .
Term of office of Kurt Georg Kiesinger
As a surprise to the public, the foreign policy spokesman for the CDU parliamentary group, Kurt Georg Kiesinger, succeeded Gebhard Müller as Prime Minister of Baden-Württemberg. Kiesinger did not continue the all-party coalition after the state elections in 1960. It was replaced by a small coalition made up of CDU, FDP / DVP and BHE. When the ministerial posts were awarded, strict care was taken to ensure that the four CDU regional associations were considered according to their respective weight. The Kiesinger government's special commitment was cultural and school policy. When Kiesinger moved to Bonn as Federal Chancellor on December 1, 1966 , Hans Filbinger was his successor.
Term of office of Hans Filbinger
At the beginning of Hans Filbinger's term of office , the coalition with the FDP / DVP, which sought a social-liberal coalition , broke up. In 1966 Filbinger formed a grand coalition with the SPD based on the Bonn model ( Filbinger I cabinet ). Filbinger vehemently advocated the completion of the integration of Baden and Württemberg. In the conference of the four state chairmen, he became the increasingly undisputed leader. After the referendum held on June 7, 1970, the population in Baden with 81.9% expressed a large approval to remain with Baden-Württemberg, the anachronism of the four CDU state associations in Baden-Württemberg should finally be ended.
Merger of the four regional associations
On January 15, 1971, a state party conference took place in Baden-Baden, at which the four CDU state associations in Baden-Württemberg merged to form a uniform state association. Hans Filbinger was elected as the first state chairman.
The four district associations of North Baden, South Baden, North Württemberg and Württemberg-Hohenzollern replaced the former regional associations. The catchment areas of the CDU district associations, although the old names have been retained, correspond to the borders of the administrative districts of Karlsruhe , Freiburg , Stuttgart and Tübingen , which have been changed since 1973 . For example, the CDU district association of North Baden includes formerly Württemberg areas in the district associations of Calw and Freudenstadt and vice versa, the CDU district association of Northern Württemberg includes formerly Baden areas in the north-western communities of the Main-Tauber district as well as parts of the northern communities of Krautheim and Schöntal of the Hohenlohe district.
Election results and coalitions
| Results of the state elections | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| year | be right | Seats | Top candidate |
| 1952 | 36.0% | 40 | - |
| 1956 | 42.6% | 56 | Gebhard Müller |
| 1960 | 39.5% | 52 | Kurt Georg Kiesinger |
| 1964 | 46.2% | 59 | Kurt Georg Kiesinger |
| 1968 | 44.2% | 60 | Hans Filbinger |
| 1972 | 52.9% | 65 | Hans Filbinger |
| 1976 | 56.7% | 71 | Hans Filbinger |
| 1980 | 53.4% | 68 | Lothar Späth |
| 1984 | 51.9% | 68 | Lothar Späth |
| 1988 | 49.0% | 66 | Lothar Späth |
| 1992 | 39.6% | 64 | Erwin the devil |
| 1996 | 41.3% | 69 | Erwin the devil |
| 2001 | 44.8% | 63 | Erwin the devil |
| 2006 | 44.2% | 69 | Günther Oettinger |
| 2011 | 39.0% | 60 | Stefan Mappus |
| 2016 | 27.0% | 42 | Guido Wolf |
In the five state elections from 1972 to 1988, the CDU achieved absolute majorities and was able to govern Baden-Württemberg alone. In the other electoral terms, she was dependent on coalition partners. In the early years of the state up to 1960, the CDU worked in an all-party coalition from which the SPD left with the state elections in 1960. From 1964 the CDU ruled alone with the FDP / DVP. The 1968 elections resulted in a major postponement. Also due to the grand coalition in the federal government, the SPD collapsed to 29% and the NPD reached almost 10% of the seats. Following the example in the federal government, a grand coalition was formed, which was replaced by the CDU sole government in 1972. Even after the state election in 1992 , a party to the right of the Union (this time The Republicans ) was represented in the state parliament with 10.9%. The CDU suffered losses of a comparable amount. Because of this majority, a grand coalition was formed. This lasted four years and was replaced in 1996 by coalitions with the FDP, which formed the government in Baden-Württemberg until 2011. In the state elections on March 27, 2011 , the CDU received 39 percent of the vote, remaining by far the strongest parliamentary group in the state parliament, but losing the government majority with the FDP. For the first time in the history of the state, Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen and the SPD won a majority of seats.
Content profile until the election defeat in 2011
Under the title "For a new balance between the present and the future" , the CDU of Baden-Württemberg describes in its basic program 2006 and under the heading "Indeed better" in its government program 2006 to 2011 the state political content of its policy in the years from 2006 to 2011.
Family policy
The CDU of Baden-Württemberg sees marriage between men and women as the model of society and the best and most reliable basis for the success of a family. Family consisting of father, mother and children is seen as the foundation of society. The CDU of Baden-Württemberg, however, is against legally equating gay and lesbian couples in registered civil partnerships with married couples. The CDU of Baden-Württemberg is also against the right of adoption for same-sex couples.
Economic and social policy
To promote growth and employment, the CDU wanted to “redefine the balance between freedom and social responsibility”. More entrepreneurship and less state regulation were called for. The task of state politicians is to "make Baden-Württemberg as attractive as possible as a location for companies" and to reduce burdens on companies. The CDU called for location marketing for Baden-Württemberg and an active trade fair policy. One of the demands of the Union was the promotion of small and medium-sized businesses and handicrafts as well as a commitment to the tripartite banking system . Specifically, a reform of the municipal economic law was initiated, making it more difficult for municipalities to do economic activity outside of public services .
In social policy , the CDU could point to the southwest of the nation's lowest unemployment and called for the use of combined wages to long-term unemployed back into the labor market to integrate. The program “AKKU - Wir Laden Projekte” was launched to promote low-skilled young people with an expenditure of 40.6 million euros. The aim of the CDU was to “increase both the employment rate and the self-employment rate among women”. The “Kinderland Baden-Württemberg” project was founded for this purpose.
Energy policy
With its “Climate Concept 2010”, the CDU wanted to double the share of renewable energies by 2010. One focus should be the use of biomass, which should cover around 2.5 percent of primary energy consumption by 2010. Wind turbines were judged critically, partly because of supposedly too low wind speeds in Baden-Württemberg, partly for optical considerations ( 'sparse' of installation areas ). Until the Fukushima nuclear disaster just before the lost state elections in 2011 , a term extension of the (then 17) operated in Germany nuclear reactors sought. The fact that the state of Baden-Württemberg owned 25.1% of the EnBW shares until January 2000 also contributed to the CDU BW's attitude towards nuclear energy .
Educational policy
In education policy, the CDU relied on a close link between education, care and family support. The CDU stands behind the tripartite school system and rejects the introduction of comprehensive schools . With the additional hiring of 5500 teachers and the establishment of a "teacher reserve", the aim was to minimize the loss of lessons.
Universities should achieve “more performance through more personal responsibility”. The required "entrepreneurial orientation" of the universities should also include the right to be able to choose the students themselves. In addition to the additional state funds required by the CDU for a temporary expansion program for universities, the socially cushioned required tuition fees of € 500 per student and semester should improve the equipment of the universities.
The Union attributed the fact that in Baden-Wuerttemberg, at 6.7%, only half as many as the national average leave school without a qualification to the intensive support of pupils with learning difficulties. The CDU also advocates promoting talented students.
Individual policy areas
During the time in government until 2011 was on the CDU's program
- a promotion of voluntary work
- resolute reduction in bureaucracy
- a strengthening of the community finances through a fundamental reorganization
- a reduction in the redistribution of the state financial equalization
Chairperson
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North Württemberg
| Years | Chairman |
|---|---|
| 1946-1948 | Josef Andre |
| 1948-1958 | Wilhelm Simpfendörfer |
| 1958-1971 | Klaus Scheufelen |
State association until 1971, since then district association North-Württemberg.
North Baden
| Years | Chairman |
|---|---|
| 1945–1951 | Fridolin Heurich |
| 1951-1968 | Franz Gurk |
| 1968-1970 | Otto Dullenkopf |
| 1970-1971 | Gerhard Zeitel |
State association until 1971, since then regional association North Baden.
South Baden
| Years | Chairman |
|---|---|
| 1946-1947 | Leo Wohleb |
| 1948-1966 | Anton Dichtel |
| 1966-1971 | Hans Filbinger |
Regional association until 1971, since then district association South Baden.
Württemberg-Hohenzollern
| Years | Chairman |
|---|---|
| 1946-1948 | Franz Weiss |
| 1948-1955 | Gebhard Müller |
| 1956-1971 | Eduard Adorno |
State association until 1971, since then the Württemberg-Hohenzollern district association.
Baden-Württemberg regional association
| Years | Chairman |
|---|---|
| 1971-1979 | Hans Filbinger |
| 1979-1991 | Lothar Späth |
| 1991-2005 | Erwin the devil |
| 2005-2009 | Günther Oettinger |
| 2009-2011 | Stefan Mappus |
| 2011– | Thomas Strobl |
Honorary Chairwoman
| Years | Chairman |
|---|---|
| 1979-2007 | Hans Filbinger |
| 1991-2016 | Lothar Späth |
Group leaders
| Years | Chairman |
|---|---|
| 1952-1953 | Franz Gurk |
| 1953-1953 | Gebhard Müller |
| 1953-1960 | Franz Hermann |
| 1960-1968 | Camill root |
| 1968-1972 | Erich Ganzenmüller |
| 1972-1988 | Lothar Späth |
| 1978-1991 | Erwin the devil |
| 1991-2005 | Günther Oettinger |
| 2005-2010 | Stefan Mappus |
| 2010-2015 | Peter Hauk |
| 2015-2016 | Guido Wolf |
| 2016– | Wolfgang Reinhart |
Footnotes
- ^ Political parties - Stuttgart: CDU and SPD lose members: entry into the Greens. Sueddeutsche Zeitung - dpa Newskanal , December 24, 2019, accessed on July 19, 2020 .
- ^ Michael Eilfort (Ed.): Parties in Baden-Württemberg. Writings on political geography Volume 31 . Verlag W. Kohlhammer in connection with the State Center for Political Education Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart 2004, page 64 (CDU membership density Baden-Württemberg) and 91 (membership density SPD Baden-Württemberg)
- ^ Hans-Georg Wehling : Baden-Württemberg . In: Hans-Georg Wehling (Ed.): The German countries . Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2004, ISBN 3-531-43229-X , p. 22 f.
- ^ Michael Eilfort (Ed.): Parties in Baden-Württemberg. Writings on political geography Volume 31 . Verlag W. Kohlhammer in conjunction with the State Center for Political Education Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart 2004, page 54
- ^ A b c Michael Eilfort (ed.): Parties in Baden-Württemberg. Writings on political geography Volume 31 . Verlag W. Kohlhammer in connection with the State Center for Political Education Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart 2004, page 55
- ↑ Results of the state elections in Baden-Württemberg, time series 1952–2011 - State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg ( Memento of the original from June 26, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Results of the state elections in Baden-Württemberg
- ↑ Final result of the state elections on March 27, 2011 with comparative information from 2006: State of Baden-Württemberg ( Memento of the original from July 19, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Election results in Baden-Württemberg and Rhineland-Palatinate on FocusOnline , accessed on March 27, 2011
- ↑ Until 1956 the KPD was still represented in the state parliament as an opposition party. A real all-party government without an opposition party in the state parliament of Baden-Württemberg existed from 1956 to 1960. This was a unique case in the history of the Federal Republic of Germany .
- ^ Basic program of the CDU BW 2006 ( Memento of the original of February 7, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF file; 477 kB)
- ↑ Government program of the CDU BW 2006 to 2011 ( Memento of the original from February 7, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF file; 1.76 MB)
- ↑ a b PDF, p. 15
- ↑ a b PDF, p. 14
- ↑ see also PDF, p. 13 (names and dates from six decades of party work)
literature
- Günther Buch, Klaus Gotto : The foundation of the union . Munich 1981, ISBN 3-7892-7164-0 , pages 88-91.
- Paul-Ludwig Weinacht (Ed.): The CDU in Baden-Württemberg and its history . With a foreword by Hans Filbinger. Stuttgart 1978. (Writings on the political geography of Baden-Württemberg, 2)
- Michael Eilfort : Parties in Baden-Württemberg. Writings on political regional studies Volume 31. Verlag W. Kohlhammer in conjunction with the State Center for Political Education Baden-Württemberg , Stuttgart 2004
Web links
- CDU BW (website of the regional association)
- History of the CDU BW (website of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation)
CDU Baden-Württemberg | Bavaria: not represented (see CSU ) | CDU Berlin | CDU Brandenburg | CDU Bremen | CDU Hamburg | CDU Hessen | CDU Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | CDU in Lower Saxony | CDU North Rhine-Westphalia | CDU Rhineland-Palatinate | CDU Saar | CDU Saxony | CDU Saxony-Anhalt | CDU Schleswig-Holstein | CDU Thuringia
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Currently represented in the state parliament: Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen Baden-Württemberg | CDU Baden-Württemberg | AfD Baden-Württemberg | SPD Baden-Württemberg | FDP Baden-Württemberg
Historically represented in the state parliament: KPD Baden-Württemberg | BHE Baden-Württemberg | NPD Baden-Württemberg | The Republicans of Baden-Württemberg