Albert Buchmann

The title of this article is ambiguous. For information on the SS leader and police officer, see Albert Buchmann (SS member) .

Albert Buchmann, around 1930

Albert Buchmann (born October 28, 1894 in Pirmasens , † May 17, 1975 in East Berlin ) was a communist German politician . During the Weimar Republic he was a member of the Reichstag for the KPD from 1924 to 1933 .

Life

Buchmann joined the SPD as a worker in 1911 . From 1914 to 1918 he took part in the First World War as a soldier . After the war he joined the USPD in 1919 . In 1920 he moved to Munich, where he became a member of the KPD in 1921. In 1922 he became chairman of the shoe workers' union. From 1923 Buchmann was head of the KPD in Munich and secretary of the KPD in southern Bavaria. He was arrested in October 1923. From 1925 to 1932 he was political director of the southern Bavaria district. From 1932 he held the same position in the Württemberg district. From 1924 to 1932 he was a member of the German Reichstag for the constituency of Upper Bavaria-Swabia, and in 1932/33 for Württemberg-Baden . Before 1933 the communist and later member of the Reichstag, Franziska Kessel, worked in his household as a maid and nanny.

Immediately after the National Socialists came to power, Buchmann signed the KPD's call for a general strike against the takeover of government by the National Socialists and publicly responsible for the “call for a mass strike ”. However, this appeal hardly met with any public response. On January 31, 1933, attempts to implement the general strike were only made in the three textile factories in the small Swabian industrial town of Mössingen .

On February 7, 1933, Buchmann took part in the illegal meeting of the Central Committee of the KPD in the sports store Ziegenhals near Berlin. Buchmann was arrested in May 1933 and imprisoned in Rottenburg for high treason until 1936. In 1936 he was transferred to the Dachau concentration camp . In the years 1936 to 1939 was imprisoned in the Ludwigsburg prison for high treason. In 1940 he was interned in Sachsenhausen concentration camp , and in 1942 in Flossenbürg concentration camp until his release in 1945 .

From 1945 he was chairman of the KPD North Württemberg. At the 15th KPD party conference in April 1946, Buchmann delegated eleven other top functionaries (including Kurt Müller , Walter Fisch , Fritz Sperling and Max Reimann ) to the SED party executive . He - like the other eleven - had to resign on the orders of the Western occupying powers because the SED was not allowed in the West. From 1946 to 1950 he was a member of the provisional parliament , the state constituent assembly and the first state parliament of Württemberg-Baden . He was also a member of the state council of the American occupied territory. In 1948 Buchmann became a member of the party executive committee of the KPD. In 1953 an arrest warrant was issued against him for “preparation for high treason”. That is why he and his family moved to the GDR . From 1955 he was party secretary at the one-year school of the illegal KPD in Schmerwitz near Wiesenburg / Mark . From 1956 to 1971 he was a member of the Central Committee of the banned West German KPD.

Albert Buchmann was married to the KPD politician Erika Buchmann .

Honors

• Albert-Buchmann-Strasse was named after him in Oranienburg

literature

• Hartmut Mehringer : The KPD in Bavaria 1919-1945. Prehistory, Persecution, and Resistance. In: Martin Broszat , Hartmut Mehringer (eds.): Bavaria in the Nazi era V. The parties KPD, SPD, BVP in persecution and resistance. Oldenbourg-Verlag, Munich 1983, p. 25
• Klaus J. Becker: The KPD in Rhineland-Palatinate 1946–1956 . von Hase & Koehler, Mainz 2001, p. 424.
• Buchmann, Albert . In: Hermann Weber , Andreas Herbst : German Communists. Biographisches Handbuch 1918 to 1945. 2nd, revised and greatly expanded edition. Dietz, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-320-02130-6 .

Web links

• Short biography
• Albert Buchmann in the database of members of the Reichstag

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Johannes Chwalek: “For the time being I'm still in solitary confinement” - Franziska Kessel (1906–1934), in: Mainzer Geschichtsblätter 15 (2014), pp. 123–146, here p. 129.
2. ↑ Digital version of the original leaflet of the KPD Württemberg with the call for a general strike against Hitler as a PDF file ( memento of the original from April 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
3. ↑ Hans-Joachim Althaus (editor) a. a .: “ There was nothing there except here - the red Mössingen in the general strike against Hitler. History of a Swabian Workers' Village ”; Rotbuch-Verlag Berlin 1982, 229 pages, ISBN 3-88022-242-8
4. ↑ List of participants
5. ↑ cf. Process files for the Mössing general strike as digital reproduction in the online offer of the Baden-Württemberg State Archive, State Archive Sigmaringen
6. ^ Dietrich Staritz , Communist Party of Germany. In: Richard Stöss (ed.), Political parties handbook, paperback edition, Westdeutscher Verlag , Opladen 1986, p. 1672.