Heinrich Christoph Friedrich Bosse

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Heinrich Christoph Friedrich Bosse

Heinrich Christoph Friedrich Bosse (born January 14, 1848 in Hesse ; † October 28, 1909 in Leipzig ) was a German writer , publicist and politician . He also published under the pseudonym Heinrich Friedrich .

Life

origin

Friedrich Bosse was born the son of a wheelwright. Little more is known from his youth than that he attended the building trade school in Holzminden, but then learned the painting trade. Bosse settled as a master painter in Leipzig in 1874, the classic place of workers' education efforts and, through the work of men like Wilhelm Liebknecht and August Bebel, the intellectual center of German social democracy. Friedrich Bosse came to the SPD through the Leipzig workers' education association founded by Bebel in 1865 . His development and his work were inextricably linked with this association.

family

Friedrich Bosse married a Friederike Emilie, b. Carpenter. His four daughters: Wilhelmine Elise (kindergarten teacher, librarian, director of studies at the Deutsche Volksbüchereischule Leipzig), Magdalene (1889–1927), Hildegard (library assistant) and Dora (head of the Free Public Library Dresden-Plauen).

Act

The Leipzig workers' education association, which was exemplary for the entire federation of German workers' associations due to its class-conscious point of view, was banned and dissolved as one of the first workers' associations after the enactment of Bismarck's exceptional law against social democracy at the end of 1878. As early as February 1879, in the course of the reorganization of the now illegal Leipzig party organization, a new social democratic association was founded, which disguised itself as an apolitical " training association for workers ". Friedrich Bosse was initially elected second chairman. In June 1881, when Leipzig was under siege and many Social Democrats were expelled, Bosse took over the office of first chairman.

Friedrich Bosse on the left and Manfred Wittich with title pages

This choice became decisive for the rest of his life. His special care was directed towards the development of a dramatic section of the workers 'association and he became the founder of the first workers' theater in Leipzig, although his enthusiasm sometimes led him to overestimate cultural work as a means of class struggle.

While the Socialist Law was still in force, Bosse began to write agitation pieces under the pseudonym Heinrich Friedrich. They emerged from the necessity of the political struggle and were initially intended as a substitute for the speeches forbidden by the police, but over time these pieces became an integral part of the annual foundation festivals of the workers' association.

His first pieces were "The Old and the New" (1888) and "Our Ideale" (1889). At the 11th foundation festival of the association, in February 1890, the agitation piece "The workers' associations have a future" was performed, in which it became clear that the fetters of the socialist law were being loosened. Now the author could step out of his anonymity and he was enthusiastically celebrated by the workers. On May 1, 1890, Bosse wrote the piece “The First of May”, in which he propagated the resolution of the Paris Socialist Congress that made May 1 the international day of the proletariat's struggle. He reached the high point of his work with the four-act strike drama "Im Kampf" (1892). The agitation pieces "Various Weltanschauungen" (1893), "A Worker's Dream" (1895), "The Workers and Art" (1897) and "A Glance into the Future" (1898) followed.

From 1894 to 1895 Bosse published the magazine “Sturmglocken, organ for social democratic work in the field of free popular education”, on which Wittich also worked, and from 1899 to 1902 “Der Freie Bund, organ for cooperative work in the field of free popular education” ". For the 25th foundation festival of the association, he wrote a commemorative publication “The Leipzig Workers' Association, its origin and development” (1904). He also wrote a few plays, "The People Awake" (1904) and the rural comedy "The Social Democrats Are Coming", which was published posthumously by a Leipzig theater publisher. The exhausting and hardship of life had weakened Bosses health, he died on October 28, 1909 in Leipzig.

Works

  • Instructions for ornamentation in the book printing trade / edit. by Friedrich Bosse Leipzig: Waldow, 1884 VI, 110 S.: Ill.
  • A woman with prejudices  : Schwank in 1 Akt, Leipzig: [self-published] 1885 30 pp.
  • The old and the new festival z. IX. Foundation festival d. Training association f. Worker on February 18, 1888 in Leipzig / Heinrich Friedrich 16 pp.
  • Illustrated dictionary of the most common art expressions from the fields of architecture, chromatics, painting, mythology, ornamentation, symbolism etc. for book printing and related branches / tot. u. explains v. Friedrich Bosse Leipzig: Alexander Waldow 1888 VII, 135 pp.
  • Our ideals 1889
  • The workers 'associations have a future for the 11th foundation festival of the workers' association in February 1890.
  • The first May print edition: Leipzig: Eduard Schultze publisher, 1890.
  • In the fight strike drama in four acts 1892.
  • Different worldviews. Social image in e. Acts by Heinrich Friedrich Leipzig: Verl. D. Leipziger Buchh. 1892 31 pp.
  • A Worker's Dream 1895 Subtitle: Festival for workers' associations with music, singing and 3 living pictures.
  • The workers and the art for the 18th Stiftgsfest d. Leipzig workers' association printed Friedrich, Heinrich. - Leipzig: Bosse, 1897
  • A look into the future 1898 Allegorical game for agitation in the workers' association.
  • The people awakened in 1904
  • The Social Democrats Come Rural Comedy 1904.
  • The Leipzig Workers' Association  : its origins and development; a commemorative publication for the 25th foundation festival / author. by the chairman of the workers' association F. Bosse on behalf of the entire board. - 2nd edition / augmented by Heinrich Lange's speech. - (Leipzig: Leipziger Buchdr. Aktiengesell.) 1904 33 p. Digital
  • Freedom of conscience Social image in e. Akt / Leipzig: Verl. R. Lipinski 1910 36 p. (Workers stage; No. 14)

literature

  • From the beginnings of socialist drama I by Ursula Münchow / Akademie-Verlag Berlin pp. 153f., 201f.
  • History of German literature from 1830 to the end of the 19th century People and knowledge Volkseigener Verlag Berlin 1975 pp. 954,955
  • Friedrich Bosse (Ps. Heinrich Friedrich) In: Lexicon of socialist German literature. - Leipzig: Bibliogr. Inst .. - 1964, pp. 107-108
  • A proletarian cultural functionary: Friedrich Bosse In: Labor movement and literature. - Berlin [u. a.]: Aufbau-Verl .. - 1981, pp. 115-133
  • Friedrich Bosse, a pioneer of the German socialist stage play / Schröder, Gustav. - In: Scientific journal of the Pädagogische Hochschule Potsdam. - Potsdam: Pedag. College, ISSN  0138-290X . - Vol. 11 (1967), pp. 105-116
  • Early Leipzig Workers' Theater / Friedrich Bosse; ed. by Gustav Schröder, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1972 260 pp. (Text editions on early socialist literature in Germany; Volume 12)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A proletarian cultural functionary: Friedrich Bosse In: Workers' Movement and Literature. - Berlin [u. a.]: Aufbau-Verl .. - 1981, pp. 115-133
  2. ^ From the biography of his daughter Wilhelmine Elise Hofmann-Bosse
  3. From the beginnings of socialist drama I by Ursula Münchow / Akademie-Verlag Berlin pp. 153f., 201f.

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