Hermann Poppe-Marquard

Hermann Poppe-Marquard (also Hermann Poppe ; born 1908 ; died 1993 ) was a German historian and art historian . He was in charge of the Osnabrück Cultural History Museum and, after the Second World War, was head of the Osnabrück Cultural Office and Transport Office.

life and work

Poppe-Marquard attended the Carolinum grammar school in Osnabrück, where he graduated from high school in 1929. He completed an apprenticeship as a book printer and initially worked as an advertising manager. He studied art history , history and classical archeology at the universities in Cologne, Berlin and Münster . In Münster he received his doctorate with a thesis on the building history of St. Johann in Osnabrück. After two years as an assistant at the municipal art and trade museum in Dortmund, he received a position as a research assistant at the city's cultural history museum in September 1937 at the instigation of the Mayor of Osnabrück, Erich Gaertner (1882–1975).

Poppe-Marquard's first task was to revise the folklore department , which had only been modernized a few years earlier under the museum director Hans Gummel (1891–1962) and reopened in 1933. The aim of the revision was a "livelier" presentation, including figures of peasant couples in traditional Artländer costume in the entrance area and weaving demonstrations from the Grete Banzers hand-weaving workshop. The work was already completed by the end of October 1937 and met with approval as a “consequence of the awakened species awareness”, as the Osnabrücker Tageblatt praised, which reported on an “exhibition worth seeing”. NSDAP - Gauleiter Carl Röver visited the museum in November 1937.

The further activities of Poppe-Marquard, combined with increasing public appearances, caused the museum director Gummel to take a back seat. Poppe-Marquard compiled the prehistoric study collection , which was opened on May 25, 1938, at the same time as the NSDAP district assembly in the Osnabrück-Stadt district. He was also entrusted with the rebuilding of the city and state history department in Osnabrück Castle , with which its position as an urban “cultural center” was to be strengthened, for which, along with other Lord Mayors Gaertner and Willi Münzer (1895–1969) as NSDAP district leaders, campaigned. In his memorandum on the construction of the museum in Osnabrück , Poppe-Marquard combined an appreciation of Gummel's work with the note that it no longer met the requirements for tourism and the administrative district.

When Gummel moved to Potsdam on February 1, 1939 , where he took over the management of the Brandenburg State Office for Prehistory and Early History, Poppe-Marquard succeeded him as museum director. In a lecture in March 1939, he stylized museums, which he understood party-conformist as multipliers of National Socialist ideology, as places of consecration in the homeland. With regard to the prehistoric section of the Osnabrück Museum, he stated that it was to be regarded as particularly important “for the ideological training of the party”. He developed a concept for the permanent exhibition in which military education, for example, should play an important role. To this end, the “ Wehrmacht and museum should work hand in hand”. A “hall of honor” was intended to commemorate the fallen soldiers of Osnabrück in the First World War . Poppe-Marquard provided: “Hall of honor. For the fallen of the world war. Handwritten book and hand-bound with the names of the Osnabrück people who died in the war. The book is open on the desk. For example, it shows on September 15 [ember] all the names of those who fell on September 15, 1914, 15, 16, 17, 18. ”The beginning of World War II prevented the full implementation of the plans; Poppe-Marquard was drafted into the Wehrmacht on August 22, 1939. Lord Mayor Gaertner appointed the secret government council and museum association chairman Philipp Reinecke as honorary director of the city's museums.

Poppe-Marquard fought on the Eastern Front, while still in the military he was confirmed as museum director in 1943 - on April 20, Hitler's birthday - and made a civil servant for life. In 1945 he became an American prisoner of war. The American military handed it over to the French. He was released from French captivity in 1947 in poor health. Walter Borchers (1906–1980) succeeded him as museum director in November 1946 .

1952 Poppe-Marquard became head of the cultural office and the traffic office of the city of Osnabrück. He played a decisive role in the establishment of the town twinning and was seen as the "Foreign Minister" of Osnabrück.

Justus Möser Medal

The city of Osnabrück awarded Poppe-Marquard the Justus Möser Medal in 1984 for his services to cultural work .

Fonts

• The building history of the Johanniskirche in Osnabrück. A contribution to research into medieval architecture in the Lower Saxony-Westphalian region. Ms. Obermayer. Osnabrück 1936 (also dissertation.)
• Thoughts on the establishment of the military department of the Osnabrück municipal museum. City Museum. Osnabrück 1939.
• Hospitable cities on the Hansalinie. Tourist information. Working group of the big cities on the Hansalinie. Hamburg 1969.
• The Wiehengebirge. Landscape, Wittekindsweg and other popular hiking trails. Religious. Osnabrück 1983. ISBN 978-3-7729-3102-4 .
• Osnabrück Church Chronicle. Building history and works of art of all Osnabrück churches of the major denominations. Meinders & Elstermann. Osnabrück 1990. ISBN 3-88926-890-0 .
• History and stories of lovely cities and towns. Meinders & Elstermann. Osnabrück 1991, ISBN 978-3-88926-888-4 (illustrated book).

literature

• Thorsten Heese: Between home and racial madness. The museum as a parallel multiplier of Nazi ideology . In the S. (Ed.): Topographies of Terror. National Socialism in Osnabrück (= Kulturgeschichtliches Museum Osnabrück [Hrsg.]: Osnabrücker Kulturdenkmäler. Contributions to the art and cultural history of the city of Osnabrück ). 2nd corrected edition. tape 16 . Rasch, Bramsche 2015, ISBN 978-3-89946-240-1 , pp. 132-149, here 140-149 .

annotation

1. ↑ Different motives are given for Gummel's reason to follow the call to Potsdam. In his 1963 obituary for Gummel, Alfred Bauer wrote of rifts with the NSDAP. The biographer Rainer Hehemann stated growing disabilities from the NSDAP, which is why Gummel concentrated on his research work. Hanns-Gerd Rabe stated in an interview in 1983 that, as a Catholic, Gummel was close to the Center Party and did not want to join the NSDAP. Poppe-Marquard, on the other hand, claimed in an interview in 1984 that Gummel had switched to civil servant status because of the advantages of taking over the position in Potsdam. Thorsten Heese concluded from the statements and actions of Gummel as museum director since 1933 that there was “more than just an ingratiation to the new regime”. As an archaeologist and prehistoric historian, he belonged to a group of scientists “who benefited extraordinarily from the ideological orientation of National Socialism”. (Thorsten Heese [Ed.]: Topographies of Terror. National Socialism in Osnabrück. Bramsche 2015, p. 139.)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Thorsten Heese: Between home and racial madness. The museum as a parallel multiplier of Nazi ideology. In: Ders .: Topographies of Terror. National Socialism in Osnabrück. Bramsche 2015, p. 140.
2. ↑ ea: An old loom is weaving a new pattern. In: Osnabrücker Tageblatt . October 24, 1937, p. 5 (quoted from: Heese: Between Heimat and Rassenwahn. In: Ders .: Topografien des Terrors. Bramsche 2015, p. 141.)
3. ↑ ^{a b} Thorsten Heese: Between home and racial madness. The museum as a parallel multiplier of Nazi ideology. In: Ders .: Topographies of Terror. National Socialism in Osnabrück. Bramsche 2015, p. 141.
4. ↑ Thorsten Heese: Between home and racial madness. The museum as a parallel multiplier of Nazi ideology. In: Ders .: Topographies of Terror. National Socialism in Osnabrück. Bramsche 2015, p. 139.
5. ↑ Thorsten Heese: Between home and racial madness. The museum as a parallel multiplier of Nazi ideology. In: Ders .: Topographies of Terror. National Socialism in Osnabrück. Bramsche 2015, pp. 141–142.
6. ↑ Thorsten Heese: Between home and racial madness. The museum as a parallel multiplier of Nazi ideology. In: Ders .: Topographies of Terror. National Socialism in Osnabrück. Bramsche 2015, p. 143.
7. ↑ Thorsten Heese: Between home and racial madness. The museum as a parallel multiplier of Nazi ideology. In: Ders .: Topographies of Terror. National Socialism in Osnabrück. Bramsche 2015, p. 144.
8. ↑ Thorsten Heese: Between home and racial madness. The museum as a parallel multiplier of Nazi ideology. In: Ders .: Topographies of Terror. National Socialism in Osnabrück. Bramsche 2015, pp. 144–145.
9. ↑ Thorsten Heese: Between home and racial madness. The museum as a parallel multiplier of Nazi ideology. In: Ders .: Topographies of Terror. National Socialism in Osnabrück. Bramsche 2015, p. 145.