Yard model
The courtyard model was developed in the Rhineland in the early 1980s. According to the model, a settlement of the linear ceramic culture (LBK) consists of one or more farms, the house of which was rebuilt in each generation. The purpose of the model is to reconstruct the spatial order and chronology of a settlement with overlapping house floor plans. It serves as an archaeological auxiliary construction and is not a historical size.
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The model is based on the hypothesis that one family has stayed in the same place for several phases and that there are constant peculiarities that make them distinguishable from their neighbors. The courtyard stands for an oval activity zone with a radius of 25 meters around each house, the living space for an activity zone with a house in diachronic perspective. In the courtyard, numerous pits and work facilities were created for various purposes, the construction and task of which must run synchronously with the building of the house.
The model has four premises:
- Every house always has only one predecessor and one successor. Every house exists for 25 years (about one generation)
- Houses that cannot be dated can be put in time gaps, if there are any.
- Living spaces are made up of spatially closed groups of houses.
- Living spaces are created by building new houses in the immediate vicinity of their predecessors in order to continue using the activity zone.
These and other assumptions of varying certainty lead to criticism of the model on various occasions.
The courtyard model arose from larger excavations of the project "Settlement Archeology of the Aldenhovener Platte" (SAP) from 1971 to 1981, during which several settlements in a small area could be examined, both in terms of their spatial and temporal properties. In contrast to earlier models (e.g. the “wandering farmer model”), continuous settlement could be demonstrated here. As early as 1973, the basis for the model was created for the Langweiler 2 settlement area, which was confirmed and expanded with the results of the excavation of the Langweiler 8 settlement . According to N. Fröhlich, after publication of the first partial results with the overall presentation of Langweiler 8 by Ulrich Boelicke , Detlef von Brandt , Jens Lüning , Peter Stehli and Andreas Zimmermann, the courtyard model was established in 1988.
literature
- Nico Fröhlich: Band ceramic courtyards: Artifacts of the ceramic chronology or a reflection of social and economic structures? (Frankfurter Archäologische Schriften 33) Habelt-Verlag 2017 ISBN 978-3774940123
- Regina Smolnik (ed.): Excavations of settlement structure and cultural change in the ceramic band . (Contributions to the international conference “New questions about strip ceramics or everything the same ?!” Leipzig, 23rd to 24th September 2010). Dresden (State Office for Archeology) 2012. ISBN 978-3943770032
Web links
- The courtyard model on praehistorische-archaeologie.de