Holmadmiral

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Holmadmiral (Swedish Holmamiral , Danish Holmens Admiral ) was a naval office in Sweden and Denmark . Within the Admiralty College, the Holmadmiral was the third highest office in both kingdoms after the Imperial Admiral and the Imperial Vice Admiral .

With Holmen , derived from both the Swedish and common in the Danish word spar for small island in the 17th and 18th centuries were Stockholm , the naval arsenal Skeppsholmen and in Copenhagen the naval station Holmen (consisting of the naval ports and military shipyards Nyholm, Bremerholm and Gammelholm and Arsenaløen, Frederiksholm, Dokøen, Batteriet Quintus and Margretheholm). The Holmadmiral was the flag officer who, as inspector, was in charge of the command and supervision of the capital's naval port and its war yards. He was responsible for building and equipping the warships as well as commander of the squadron of the Swedish and Danish navies lying in the port of the capital .

  • Hans Clerck was the last Swedish Holmamiral of Scottish descent

  • Naval port, shipyard and fort Skeppsholmen (Stockholm) around 1670

  • The war yard in Holmen (Copenhagen) was destroyed by the British in 1807

  • Niels Juel was the only Danish Holmens chief in the rank of admiral

Holmadmirals existed in Denmark from 1543, in Sweden from 1606. Deputy of the Holmadmiral was the Holmkapitän ( Holmkapten ), since 1638 the Holmmajor . After the Scottish emigrant Rickard Clerck (Klerk) became Holmadmiral in Sweden in 1618, this office remained in fact in the possession of his family and descendants (Johan Clerck, Rickard Clerck jr., Hans Clerck) until 1679. From 1680 there was a Vice Holmamiral in the new Swedish naval port Karlskrona , and in 1789 the post of Holmadmiral was abolished.

In Denmark the supervisor and commander of Holmen was only an admiral from 1648 to 1690, before and after (until 1856) he was only referred to as Holmen's chief or Overekvipage semester . With the construction of new war ports and the renaming of the Danish naval station Holmen in Naval Station Copenhagen , these positions and their names disappeared. From 1937 the Holmens boss was only in command of the Copenhagen naval station, which was closed in 2006.

swell

  • Eduard Bobrik: General nautical dictionary, with explanations. Verlagsbureau, leipzig 1850, p. 342 ( books.google.de ).
  • Jan Glete: Swedish Naval Administration 1521–1721 - Resource Flows and Organizational Capabilities. Brill, Leiden 2009, p. Xxi and others ( books.google.de ).
  • Hans Georg Garde: Den dansk-norske sømagts historie 1535-1700. Danske historiske forening, Copenhagen 1861, p. 92 ff. ( Books.google.de ).
  • LA Hubendick: Holmadmiral . In: Theodor Westrin (Ed.): Nordisk familjebok konversationslexikon och realencyklopedi . 2nd Edition. tape 11 : Harrisburg – Hypereides . Nordisk familjeboks förlag, Stockholm 1909, Sp. 994 (Swedish, runeberg.org ).
  • Johnny Balsved: Holmens chefer 1543-2006. In: Danish Naval History. ( navalhistory.dk ).