Honnefer model

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Honnef model was a forerunner of today's Federal Training Assistance Act (BAföG) for financial support for students during their studies. It was decided by a conference in Honnef in 1955 and officially introduced in the winter semester of 1957/58. As with today's BAföG, the funding consisted of grants and loans, but there was no legal entitlement. Until the Honnef model was replaced by BAföG in 1971, around 15 to 19 percent of the students at the time benefited from the funding.

prehistory

The discussion about a reorganization of student grants began in 1952 after the first social survey by the Studentenwerke had shown that the students hardly benefited from the onset of the economic miracle and that the social benefits that existed to date were only insufficiently achieved.

In the same year, the West German Rectors' Conference , the University Association and the Student Union decided to convene a joint university conference, for the preparation of which a "Standing Committee for Student Issues" was set up. The conference took place in Honnef in October 1955 and was organized jointly by the WRK and the Conference of Ministers of Education . In the run-up to the conference, several student and university organizations made proposals. In 1953 , the Socialist German Student Union (SDS) spoke out in favor of a parent-independent and income-independent "study fee" for all students, while the Liberal Student Union (LSD), on the other hand, advocated generous lending and a state-sponsored work program for students. The WRK and the University Association oriented themselves primarily on the model of the German National Academic Foundation and placed particular emphasis on the talent and suitability of the students. The Association of German Student Associations (VDS), like the student unions, advocated a mix of grants and loans as well as an expansion of indirect aid (dormitories, cafeterias, etc.). The most important thought leader on the part of the students was the then VDS social expert Theo Tupetz .

After the model was approved by the Honnef Conference in autumn 1955, it took almost two years to implement. Only after the VDS threatened lecture strikes for the first time in the year of the Bundestag election in 1957 , the necessary budget funds were made available by the Bundestag.

Design

Certificate of acceptance into the main funding of the Honnef model

In contrast to today's BAföG, the Honnef model was not based on a statutory regulation, but only on jointly agreed funding guidelines of the federal government and the individual states, which also shared the costs. A formal administrative agreement was not concluded until 1964 . In addition, the Honnef model only applied to students at "scientific colleges", ie universities and colleges with equal status . In 1958, the Rhöndorfer model was adopted for the other universities and colleges .

The funding committees of the universities decided on admission to funding; in contrast to BAföG, there was no legal entitlement to funding. The respective student unions were entrusted with the disbursement as well as the later reclaim of the loan portion.

Following the example of the Studienstiftung, the Honnef model was divided into an initial and a main grant. The initial funding was limited to the lecture periods of the first three semesters and initially amounted to a maximum of 150 DM per month; the semester break still had to be covered by own work . After the initial grant had expired, it was necessary to reapply for acceptance into the main grant, for which proof of achievement, preliminary examination certificates or expert reports from university lecturers had to be submitted. The main funding also included the lecture-free time, was max. 200 DM and was paid half as a scholarship and half as a repayable loan.

Further development and replacement by BAföG

Protests against the introduction of BAföG in 1971.

After the introduction of the Honnef model, the rate of sponsored students was just under 20 percent (1958/59: 19.2%), but then fell to below 15 percent by 1963. Since the subsidy rates and parental allowances soon lagged behind the price development, the number of working students also returned to dramatic proportions after a temporary decline. The unclear legal basis for funding was also criticized.

The VDS has therefore been pushing for the passing of a training promotion law since the early 1960s and found the support of both the Rectors' Conference and the SPD opposition at the time. However, it was not until the social-liberal federal government under Willy Brandt took office before the BAföG was introduced in 1969, initially for schoolchildren and in 1971 for the university sector.

literature

swell

  • Promotion of students and universities. Guidelines of the Federal Minister of the Interior, Bonn 1958.
  • West German Rectors' Conference (Hrsg.): Student funding based on the Honnef model in the Federal Republic and Berlin 1957 , Bad Godesberg 1957.

Representations

  • Klaus Meschkat : What is the value of the young generation to the state? The dispute about the model of general student support in the Federal Republic and West Berlin , Bonn 1960.
  • Uwe Rohwedder: Cold War and University Reform. The Association of German Student Unions in the Early Federal Republic (1949–1969). Essen 2012 ISBN 9783837507485 .
  • Theresa Scanlon: Student aid in Western Germany 1945–1971. A study with particular reference to the Honnef scheme. Cologne 1993 ISBN 3-412-05891-2 .
  • Gerda Stephany: Das Honnefer Modell , Berlin 1968 ( full text ; PDF; 3.8 MB).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gerhard Kath: The social image of the student body in West Germany and Berlin. Summer semester 1951 , ed. from the Association of German Student Services, Frankfurt am Main 1952.
  2. ↑ Rohwedder p. 104 ff.
  3. ↑ Change of month from the public sector . In: Der Spiegel . No. 19/1957 , pp. 22–26 ( spiegel.de [accessed December 18, 2019]).
  4. ↑ Rohwedder p. 125 ff.
  5. ↑ a b Stephany p. 36.