Rhöndorf

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Chapel in Rhöndorf
Adenauer's house
The Siebengebirge near Rhöndorf
St. Mary's Visitation

Rhöndorf is a district of Bad Honnef in the North Rhine-Westphalian Rhein-Sieg district and lies at the foot of the Siebengebirge .

Rhöndorf became known as the residence of Konrad Adenauer , the first Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, since the 1950s . It is one of the northernmost wine towns on the Rhine with a long tradition.

geography

Rhöndorf is on the western edge of the nature reserve and nature park Siebengebirge and at the northern end of the Honnef valley widening of the Middle Rhine . On the left bank of the Rhine opposite Rhöndorf is the Bonn district of Mehlem . The northern tip of the Rhine island Nonnenwerth extends to the level of the southern local area.

The district extends over an area rising from the banks of the Rhine in the west to the east towards the Siebengebirge as far as the Rhöndorfer Tal , which is bordered by the Fonsbach and leads up to the Löwenburg . The center at Ziepchesplatz is 65  m above sea level. NHN and thus a good 10 m above the height on the banks of the Rhine. Above Rhöndorf rise the Drachenfels in the north and the Knelingshardt in the east with its neighboring hill to the south, the Beierscheid . The Rhine Valley narrows at the Drachenfels in the northwest of Rhöndorf, leaving room for only two railway lines and two road connections at this point. The rocky mountain continues there in the Rhine between Rhöndorf and Königswinter as Drachenfelsgrund , which represents a shoal for Rhine shipping . In the south, Rhöndorf merges seamlessly into the Bad Honnef center area and, in the higher-lying areas, into the district of Rommersdorf .

Since 1861/62 eleven, originally thirteen groynes have been extending into the Rhine near Rhöndorf at a distance of around 200 m . They have a length of 100–150 m and serve to protect the banks.

history

The beginnings of Roonthorp's settlement (970) in the Auelgau are probably in Franconian times. The place name is interpreted as "Rheindorf". In 1102 Rhöndorf was called "Villa". Numerous monasteries, but also the nobility, had wineries and vineyards here. The earliest mentions can be found in 1240, when the Steinfeld Abbey in the Eifel and in 1257 the Meer abbey near Neuss came into possession of vineyards in Rhöndorf. From 1555 until the dissolution of the Duchy of Berg in 1806, Rhöndorf was an honor in the parish of Honnef, to which the Löwenburger Hof also belonged and was under the administration of the Bergisch office of Löwenburg . In 1689, Rhöndorf had to sacrifice a large part of its historical buildings to the Palatinate War of Succession , but not the house in the tower .

The "Euteneuersche Anstalt", a "hydropathic institute" in Rhöndorf, around 1898 - on the left the later Mütterkurheim / "Haus St. Hedwig"

As in the entire Honnef valley area, viticulture was an important source of income . In 1678 the Honschaft recorded 52 farmsteads and 109 acres of vineyards, the share of viticulture in the total agricultural area was with 55% the second highest among the Honschafts of Honnef. In 1746, 36 taxable wineries were visited in Rhöndorf during a so-called “ cellar visitation”, whereby the red wine share of 335 ohms found was 80% - by far the highest in the parish of Honnef. The northern part of Rhöndorf - the border marked by the Fonsbach - belonged to the tenth district of the Vilich Abbey , to which part of the wine yield had to be delivered. The former winery of Deutz Abbey, which served as a school building after 1853 , was demolished in 1883 and a new brick school was built on the site by 1884 . In postal terms, Rhöndorf belonged to the district of the Königswinter post office , even after setting up its own post agency in 1879. The chemist Max Riese († 1943) invented the Penaten cream in Rhöndorf in 1904 . The Hotel Wolkenburg was one of the most important hotels in the area . From 1943 to 1945, Rhöndorf ( Villa Merkens ) was the temporary seat of the Swiss Consulate General previously located in Cologne under the direction of Franz-Rudolf von Weiss .

From September 1948, the SPD faction of the Parliamentary Council meeting in Bonn was housed in Rhöndorf ( Hotel Drachenfelser Hof ). The so-called Rhöndorfer Conference on August 21, 1949, to which Konrad Adenauer had invited to discuss the formation of a government after the first federal election, went down in German history . Between August 1949 and May 1950, the Rhöndorfer Park Hotel Drachenfels , which had 90 beds, was confiscated to accommodate members of the American high commission and had been converted for this purpose. Around 1957 also was in Rhöndorf Embassy of Nicaragua (→ List of diplomatic missions ). In 1957/58 the appearance of the town was changed by the construction of the federal highway 42 and the old train station (a brick and half-timbered building ) and the Rhöndorfer mill were demolished. From 1963, the former Kurhaus Drachenfels , a well-known café and event location before the Second World War, was the seat of the Franco-German Youth Office (DFJW) - initially as a rental property and later owned by the DFJW. After the youth organization moved to Berlin at the end of 2000, the building stood empty until it was demolished in 2008. Also in 2008, the well-known former Hotel Bellevue on the banks of the Rhine was closed and then converted into a residential building.

In 1970, according to the results of a census , Rhöndorf had 1814 inhabitants, on January 1, 2014 the city administration (including secondary residences ) had 2327 inhabitants.

As a result of a block blow on January 4, 2011, popular walking paths through the Rhöndorfer vineyards below the Drachenfels were closed by the city administration. In July 2013, workers were not allowed to enter the vineyards. Various protest measures by the Siebengebirge winegrowing association, the citizenry and the Rhöndorf community and local association led to a financial compromise between various donors on December 20, 2013 in Düsseldorf for a rockfall protection fence, which should enable both working and hiking in the vineyards to be safe again. It was built between August and November 2014 and cost around 1.5 million euros.

Population development

year Residents
1816 387
1843 507
1871 433
1905 628

Attractions

House in the Tower (2014)
Guard house in the Rhöndorfer vineyards ("Duffes")

The 321  m above sea level rises north of Rhöndorf . NN high, strikingly located Drachenfels , which is the center of tourism in the Siebengebirge. On the western slope of the mountain in Rhöndorf and Königswinter, viticulture has been practiced again for several decades . The vineyards belong to the Siebengebirge area and the Petersberg area in the specific cultivation area Middle Rhine . The only remaining winery in the village is the Broel winery . The Ulanendenkmal, erected in 1925, and the Duffes , a former sentry box to protect the grapes, are located in the vineyards on the ascent to the Drachenfels . The vineyards lie below the so-called Siegfriedfelsen , which triggered rockfalls in 1984 and 2011 , due to which two vineyard trails are currently closed.

In addition to the vineyards, the Rhöndorfer Kapellchen , which was built from 1714 to 1716 on the site of the chapel that was destroyed in 1689 by the troops of the French King Louis XIV, is also worth seeing . In 1905, the Chapel of the Visitation of Mary was replaced as the Rhöndorfer parish church by the new Romanesque church of St. Mary's Visitation , built from 1903 onwards. In the center of Rhöndorf is the Ziepchen , a well where the Drachenfels spring came to the surface from 1844 to 1949 . The Ziepchen used to be the most important water tap in Rhöndorf and also served as a fire fighting pond . At the edge of Ziepchensplatz is the music pavilion, designed in 1959 based on a design by the architect Fritz August Breuhaus de Groot . Next to it is the teaching vineyard laid out by the Rhöndorf community and local association , which is managed by the latter on its own. In front of this are roses from Konrad Adenauer's garden.

The Adenauer house with the famous rose garden can also be visited. Adenauer's grave is in the Rhöndorfer Waldfriedhof , which was created in the early 1920s by the sculptor Karl Menser (1872–1929).

One building that survived the destruction of Rhöndorf by the French in 1689 is the house of the judges of the Löwenburg office , the so-called house in the tower (also known as "Villa Merkens"). It was rebuilt and expanded into a classicist villa around 1830.

KAT_A (“Art at Andra Tower”) has existed in Haus Hedwig since 2014 , where the collector Andra Lauffs-Wegner shows parts of her collection of contemporary art and art of the 20th century in changing exhibitions.

Organizations

Rhöndorf is the seat of the Federal Chancellor Adenauer House Foundation . The independent and direct federal foundation under public law, established in November 1978, goes back to a gift from the seven living children of Konrad Adenauer from the year of his death in 1967, who bequeathed the house, garden and personal estate of the first Federal Chancellor to the Federal Republic of Germany.

Furthermore, Rhöndorf is the seat of the Catholic rural youth movement in Germany and the Catholic rural people movement . It was also the German seat of the Franco-German Youth Office , which was founded in 1963 , until it was relocated to Paris and Berlin at the end of 2000 .

The " Haus Rheinfrieden " with the " Nell-Breuning - Vocational College " for business and administration for the physically handicapped is located in Frankenweg .

traffic

Rhöndorf station (2007)
Rhöndorf tram stop

Rhöndorf is located directly on the four-lane federal highway 42 built in the 1950s and has a junction there .

On Rheinort and directly next to the main road 42 which is DB - station Rhöndorf at the right Rhine line . Here the RegionalExpress 8 ("Rhein-Erft-Express") and the regional train 27 ("Rhein-Erft-Bahn") run on the Mönchengladbach - Cologne - Troisdorf - Bonn-Beuel - Koblenz route .

Rhöndorf is connected by the Siebengebirgsbahn (tram line 66) of the SSB with Königswinter , Bonn, Sankt Augustin and Siegburg . The stop is between the DB train station and the Rhine.

Personalities

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Robert Jasmund: The work of the Rheinstrom-Bauverwaltung 1851-1900 . Hall aS 1900, p. 104 (PDF; 1.3 MB)
  2. ^ Frieder Berres: The regulation of the Rhine on the Bad Honnef – Königswinter section of the river . In: Yearbook of the Rhein-Sieg-Kreis 1996 , ISSN  0932-0377 , Rheinlandia Verlag Klaus Walterscheid, Siegburg 1995, ISBN 3-925551-94-8 , pp. 60–74 (here: p. 68)
  3. ↑ August Haag: Pictures from the past of Honnef and Rhöndorf . Rhöndorf 1954, p. 30.
  4. ^ Wilhelm Crecelius, Woldemar Harleß (ed.): Journal of the Bergisches Geschichtsverein , Volume 20, 1884, pp. 117 ff
  5. ^ The Rhein-Sieg-Kreis . Editor: Oberkreisdirektor Paul Kieras, Stuttgart 1983, p. 274.
  6. ^ Wilhelm Fabricius : Explanations of the historical atlas of the Rhine province, 2nd volume: The map of 1789. Bonn 1898, p. 315.
  7. ↑ On the history of Rhöndorf , citizens and local association Rhöndorf
  8. ↑ Adolf Nekum : The viticulture in Honnef - memories of a 1,100 year history (= Heimat- und Geschichtsverein “Herrschaft Löwenburg” eV : studies on the local history of the city of Bad Honnef am Rhein , issue 10). Bad Honnef 1993, p. 34.
  9. ^ Adolf Nekum: Thousand Years of Selhof, Hundred Years of Citizens' Association , Bad Honnef-Selhof 1988, p. 48.
  10. ↑ Helmut Arntz (with the assistance of Adolf Nekum): Urkataster und Gewannen: using the example of the community of Honnef 1824/1826 (= Heimat- und Geschichtsverein “Herrschaft Löwenburg” eV: studies on the local history of the city of Bad Honnef am Rhein , issue 13, Bad Honnef 2000; Society for the History of Wine eV : Writings on Wine History , ISSN  0302-0967 , No. 133, Wiesbaden 2000). Pp. 140, 166.
  11. ↑ Adolf Nekum: The viticulture in Honnef - memories of a 1,100 year history (= Heimat- und Geschichtsverein “Herrschaft Löwenburg” eV: studies on the local history of the city of Bad Honnef am Rhein , issue 10). Bad Honnef 1993, p. 189.
  12. ^ Geschichtsweg Bad Honnef - Community elementary school Rhöndorf
  13. ↑ Adolf Nekum: The viticulture in Honnef - memories of a 1,100 year history (= Heimat- und Geschichtsverein “Herrschaft Löwenburg” eV: studies on the local history of the city of Bad Honnef am Rhein , issue 10). Bad Honnef 1993, p. 286.
  14. ^ Albert Weidenbach: The transport system in the Honnef area in the last 100 years . In: Bad Honnef am Rhein. Contributions to the history of our home community on the occasion of their city elevation 100 years ago. Verlag der Honnefer Volkszeitung, Bad Honnef 1962, p. 140.
  15. ^ Franz Möller : The Rhein-Sieg-Kreis in the field of tension between federal and state , Rheinlandia Verlag, Siegburg 2006, ISBN 3-938535-20-2 , p. 11.
  16. ^ Helmut Vogt : Guardians of the Bonn Republic: The Allied High Commissioners 1949–1955 , Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn 2004, ISBN 3-506-70139-8 , p. 65.
  17. ↑ Helmut Arntz (with the assistance of Adolf Nekum): Urkataster und Gewannen: using the example of the community of Honnef 1824/1826 (= Heimat- und Geschichtsverein "Herrschaft Löwenburg" eV: studies on the local history of the city of Bad Honnef am Rhein , issue 13, Bad Honnef 2000; Society for the History of Wine eV : Writings on Wine History , ISSN  0302-0967 , No. 133, Wiesbaden 2000), p. 82.
  18. ↑ Heribert Dietz : The German-French Youth Office (DFJW-OFAJ). In: Rhein-Sieg-Kreis (Ed.): Yearbook of the Rhein-Sieg-Kreis. Edition 28, year 2013, Edition Blattwelt, Reinhard Zado, Niederhofen 2012, ISBN 978-3-936256-52-9 , pp. 136–141 (here: p. 136).
  19. ↑ Census results from 1816 to 1970 . Contributions to the statistics of the Rhein-Sieg-Kreis, Volume 17, Siegburg 1980.
  20. ↑ Virtual Town Hall of the City of Bad Honnef ( Memento from March 12, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  21. ↑ “ Work ban for employees of winegrowing companies ”, General-Anzeiger, July 27, 2013
  22. ↑ Work on the security fence started , General-Anzeiger , August 21, 2014
  23. ↑ Risk of falling rocks averted - Siegfriedfelsen still has to be secured , General-Anzeiger , November 12, 2014
  24. ^ Community encyclopedia Prussia , 1871 and 1905; Overview ... of the government district of Cologne , 1816 and 1843.
  25. ↑ KAT_A website

literature

  • Karl Josef Klöhs: Imperial weather on the Siebengebirge . Edition Loge 7, Königswinter 2003, ISBN 3-00-012113-7 .
  • Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Rhöndorf (ed.); August Haag : Pictures from the past of Honnef and Rhöndorf . Complete production by JP Bachem, Cologne 1954.

Web links

Commons : Rhöndorf  - collection of images

Coordinates: 50 ° 39 ′ 34 ″  N , 7 ° 12 ′ 46 ″  E