Horizontal angle

Horizontal angles - also called azimuthal angles - are angles measured in a horizontal plane. In contrast, angles measured in a vertical plane are called elevation angles or vertical angles.

The legs of a horizontal angle are called directions, more precisely horizontal directions .

To determine points in geodesy , horizontal angles are measured with a theodolite or tachymeter and (usually) combined with measured distances. The highest accuracy (better than 1 ") is achieved with sentence measurements (repeated angle measurement back and forth). In astronomy, with universal instruments, accuracies of more than 0.1" can be achieved.

See also

• Compass direction
• bearing
• Angle estimation
• terrestrial navigation

literature

• Heribert Kahmen : Surveying , Gruyter textbook, Berlin 1997
• Karl Ramsayer: Geodetic Astronomy , Metzler, Stuttgart 1970