Humm-Wadsworth model
The Humm-Wadsworth model (short: Humm model ) is a personality model that is primarily used to better understand human behavior and emotions. Its possible uses are diverse. It can be used, for example, as a diagnostic tool in psychological test procedures ( personality tests ). However, it is mainly used to get an initial overview of the person you are talking to in an ad hoc conversation .
The seven personality types
The Humm personality model assumes that people have seven personality types. As people develop, up to three personality types become more dominant than the others over time. These dominant components need to be recognized and expanded with the help of the Humm-Wadsworth model. The seven personality types are identified as follows:
| Personality type | Dominant desire | Characteristics |
|---|---|---|
| normal | Desire for order | Independent, conservative, thinking logically, acting in accordance with the law, limited emotional |
| Movers | Desire for communication | extroverted , dynamic, in a good mood, multitasking , suffers from emotional fluctuations, sees events as either black or white |
| Double checker | Desire for security | careful, nervous, critical and pessimistic, sympathetic, compassionate, family-oriented |
| artist | Desire for creativity | individual, good imagination, stubborn, sensitive, self-aware |
| Politician | Desire for power | competitive, assertiveness, determined, defends his established ideas, suspicious, self-confident |
| Engineer | Demand for completion of projects | objective, goal-oriented motivation, practical, structured, methodical |
| Hustler | Desire for material success | uses opportunities regardless of the consequences, results-oriented, charming, loves gambling, good negotiators |
history
Theories on which the Humm-Wadsworth model is based, go back to the research of the Russian-American psychiatrist Aaron Joshua Rosanoff (1878-1943), who dealt with psychosis and maintained close ties to the Eugenics Record Office and was a member of Eugenics Research Association was.
According to this, there was only one result for doctors in the past: Either one was considered normal or mentally ill. Rosanoff argues that this distinction is "unnatural" and appealed to an alternative focus on the extent of mental illness. Rosanoff researched this extent of mental illness, discovered a link between common mental illnesses and personality disorders, and divided his result into five classes:
- Antisocial behavior (disregard of social norms)
- Manic-depressive behavior, which consists of four criteria:
- manic disposition
- irritable disposition
- emotionally unstable
- depressive disposition
- Autism (little interest in the environment and socializing)
- epilepsy
- normal (inhibition, control over emotions, superior balance of mind, rational balance, nerves of steel)
Rosanoff does not assess the “normal” type as a mental illness, but rather described it as a type who has a desire for order and any action that helps to be better integrated into society. The normal type is not free from these four abnormal mental illnesses, but is able to inhibit them.
He describes these five components as "temperaments". They describe behavior internalized over long periods of time , which is dominated by emotions, actions and ways of thinking. These temperaments usually appear in mixed forms in humans, pure forms are the exception.
Based on these theses by Rosanoff, the two American psychologists Doncaster Humm (1887-1959) and Guy Wadsworth (* 1901) designed a questionnaire for a utility company in 1935 , with the help of which personnel requirements for all professions were to be explored. The questionnaire still showed difficulties in differentiating during the test. The data collected were re-examined using multivariate factor analysis, thereby expanding Rosanoff's theory. They divided “manic-depressive” behavior and “autistic” behavior into “manic or depressive” and “autistic or paranoid ”. Only then did the two scientists realize that there can be "normal" behavior in combination with "abnormal diseases". This mix is socially acceptable as long as it can be controlled.
advantages
The biggest advantage of the Humm lies in its modular structure. In many personality models, the test person is assigned to one of several personality types. In the Humm model, all seven types are present in every person, but in different forms. It is the strength of the individual components and their individual mix that defines the character . This makes the Humm much more flexible than comparable models. If one differentiates between the three types of strength (weak, medium, strong), over 2000 different characters can be described, which is scientifically based on the research of statistician Humm and psychologist Guy Wadsworth. From a psychological point of view, these seven components of the personality model are related to human comprehension, which can remember a maximum of seven things.
disadvantage
The Humm-Wadsworth personality model is poorly established outside of Australia. The terminology has been associated with previous research looking at mental illness. Also, one does not know which processes the dominant character manifestations can be traced back to over time and which future causal relationships will change the current personality type again. As a result, the model has no influence on manipulating certain characteristics in order to convey other characteristic properties of the respective personality type to people. You can only concentrate on the dominant characteristics and improve them.
application areas
The areas of application are varied. The Humm-Wadsworth personality model is primarily used in ad hoc discussions. This can be seen in private life, personnel management , leadership and sales. Secondly, it can be found as a personality test and in recruiting . The Humm-Wadsworth personality model is propagated in Australia by Christopher Golis , management consultant, lecturer and book author, in connection with management consulting.
literature
- Doncaster Humm, Guy Wadsworth: The Humm-Wadsworth Temperament Scale. In: American Journal of Psychiatry. 1935, pp. 163-200.
- Aaron Rosanoff: A Theory of Personality Based Mainly on Psychiatric Experience. In: Psychological Bulletin. 1920, pp. 281-299.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Aaron Rosanoff, biography
- ↑ Short biography of Christopher Golis ( Memento of the original from October 20, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
