Hundred surnames (Song Dynasty)
Hundred surnames ( Chinese 百家姓 , Pinyin Bǎijiāxìng ) is the title of a classical Chinese text thatlists Chinese surnames commonin ancient China . The book was written in the early Song Dynasty . It originally contained 411 last names, but was later expanded to 504. Of these, 444 surnames consist of just one character and 60 surnames consist of two (compound) characters (compound words). About 800 names were derived from the original ones.
The work is laid out as a rhyming poem with 8 characters in each line.
Family names are not arranged according to their popularity. The first four family names are believed to be the names of the most important families in the empire at that time:
- 1. Zhao (趙) is the family name of the Song Dynasty emperors .
- 2. Qian (錢) is the family name of the kings of Wuyue .
- 3. Sun (孫) is the family name of the Queen of Wuyue.
- 4. Li (李) is the family name of the kings of the Southern Tang Dynasty .
Family names in the book One Hundred Family Names
Alphabetical index
- 愛 Ai
- 艾 Ai
- 安 To
- 敖 Ao
- 巴 Ba
- 柏 Bai
- 白 Bai
- 百里 Baili
- 班 Ban
- 包 Bao
- 暴 Bao
- 鮑 Bao
- 貝 At
- 賁 Ben
- 畢 Bi
- 卞 Bian
- 邊 Bian
- 別 Bie
- 邴 Bing
- 薄 Bo
- 伯 Bo
- 卜 Bu
- 步 Bu
- 蔡 Cai
- 蒼 Cang
- 曹 Cao
- 岑 Cen
- 柴 Chai
- 常 Chang
- 昌 Chang
- 單于 Chanyu
- 巢 Chao
- 晁 Chao
- 車 Che
- 陳 Chen
- 成 Cheng
- 程 Cheng
- 池 Chi
- 充 Chong
- 儲 Chu
- 楚 Chu
- 褚 Chu
- 淳于 Chunyu
- 從 Cong
- 崔 Cui
- 笪 There
- 戴 Dai
- 黨 Dang
- 鄧 Deng
- 狄 Tue
- 刁 Diao
- 丁 thing
- 第五 Diwu
- 董 dong
- 東 dong
- 東方 Dongfang
- 東郭 Dongguo
- 東門 Dongmen
- 竇 Dou
- 堵 You
- 杜 You
- 督 You
- 都 You
- 段 Duan
- 段 干 Duangan
- 端木 Duanmu
- 鄂 E
- 法 Fa
- 樊 fan
- 范 fan
- 房 catch
- 方 catch
- 費 Fei
- 馮 Feng
- 封 Feng
- 豐 Feng
- 酆 Feng
- 鳳 Feng
- 伏 Fu
- 傅 Fu
- 富 Fu
- 扶 Fu
- 福 Fu
- 符 Fu
- 干 Gan
- 甘 Gan
- 郜 Gao
- 高 Gao
- 戈 Ge
- 葛 Ge
- 蓋 Ge
- 耿 Geng
- 公 gong
- 宮 gong
- 弓 gong
- 貢 gong
- 鞏 gong
- 龔 gong
- 公 良 Gongliang
- 公孫 Gongsun
- 公 西 Gongxi
- 公羊 Gongyang
- 公冶 Gongye
- 勾 Gou
- 緱 Gou
- 古 Gu
- 谷 Gu
- 顧 Gu
- 管 Guan
- 關 Guan
- 廣 Guang
- 桂 Gui
- 歸 Gui
- 穀梁 Guliang
- 國 Guo
- 郭 Guo
- 哈 Ha
- 海 shark
- 韓 Han
- 杭 slope
- 郝 Hao
- 何 Hey
- 和 Hey
- 賀 Hey
- 赫連 Helian
- 衡 Heng
- 弘 Hong
- 洪 Hong
- 紅 Hong
- 侯 Hou
- 后 Hou
- 後 Hou
- 扈 Hu
- 胡 Hu
- 滑 Hua
- 花 Hua
- 華 Hua
- 懷 Huai
- 宦 Huan
- 桓 Huan
- 黃 Huang
- 皇甫 Huangfu
- 惠 Hui
- 霍 Huo
- 呼延 Huyan
- 姬 Ji
- 冀 Ji
- 吉 Ji
- 季 Ji
- 嵇 Ji
- 暨 Ji
- 汲 Ji
- 籍 Ji
- 紀 Ji
- 薊 Ji
- 計 Ji
- 家 Jia
- 賈 Jia
- 郟 Jia
- 夾谷 Jiagu
- 簡 Jian
- 姜 Jiang
- 江 Jiang
- 蔣 Jiang
- 焦 Jiao
- 晉 Jin
- 金 Jin
- 靳 Jin
- 井 Jing
- 景 Jing
- 經 Jing
- 荊 Jing
- 居 Ju
- 鞠 Ju
- 闞 Kan
- 亢 Kang
- 康 Kang
- 柯 Ke
- 孔 Kong
- 空 Kong
- 寇 Kou
- 蒯 Kuai
- 匡 Kuang
- 況 Kuang
- 夔 Kui
- 隗 Kui
- 賴 Lai
- 藍 Lan
- 郎 Long
- 勞 Lao
- 雷 lei
- 冷 Ling
- 厲 Li
- 酈 Li
- 利 Li
- 李 Li
- 黎 Li
- 廉 Lian
- 連 Lian
- 梁 Liang
- 梁 丘 Liangqiu
- 廖 Liao
- 林 Lin
- 藺 Lin
- 凌 Ling
- 令狐 Linghu
- 劉 Liu
- 柳 Liu
- 隆 Long
- 龍 Long
- 婁 Lou
- 呂 Lü
- 盧 Lu
- 祿 Lu
- 路 Lu
- 逯 Lu
- 陸 Lu
- 魯 Lu
- 欒 Luan
- 羅 Luo
- 駱 Luo
- 閭丘 Lüqiu
- 馬 Ma
- 麻 Ma
- 滿 Man
- 毛 Mao
- 茅 Mao
- 梅 Mei
- 孟 Meng
- 蒙 Meng
- 宓 Wed
- 米 Wed
- 糜 Wed
- 繆 Miao
- 苗 Miao
- 閔 min
- 明 Ming
- 墨 Mon
- 莫 Mon
- 万俟 Moqi
- 牟 Mou
- 慕 Mu
- 牧 Mu
- 穆 Mu
- 慕容 Murong
- 那 Well
- 佴 Nai
- 能 Nai
- 南宮 Nangong
- 南門 Nanmen
- 倪 Ní
- 年 Nian
- 乜 Never
- 聶 Never
- 寧 Ning
- 牛 Niu
- 鈕 Niu
- 農 Nong
- 歐 Ou
- 歐陽 Ouyang
- 潘 Pan
- 逄 Pang
- 龐 Pang
- 裴 Pei
- 彭 bang
- 蓬 Peng
- 皮 Pi
- 平 ping
- 浦 Pooh
- 濮 Pu
- 蒲 Pooh
- 濮陽 Puyang
- 戚 Qi
- 祁 Qi
- 齊 Qi
- 錢 Qian
- 強 Qiang
- 喬 Qiao
- 譙 Qiao
- 漆 雕 Qidiao
- 亓 官 Qiguan
- 欽 Qin
- 琴 Qin
- 秦 Qin
- 仇 Qiu
- 秋 Qiu
- 裘 Qiu
- 邱 Qiu
- 屈 Qu
- 璩 Qu
- 瞿 Qu
- 麴 Qu
- 全 Quan
- 權 Quan
- 闕 Que
- 冉 Ran
- 壤 駟 Rangsi
- 饒 Rao
- 任 Ren
- 容 Rong
- 戎 Rong
- 榮 Rong
- 融 Rong
- 汝 Ru
- 茹 Ru
- 阮 Ruan
- 芮 Rui
- 桑 Sang
- 沙 Sha
- 單 Shan
- 山 Shan
- 商 Shang
- 尚 Shang
- 賞 Shang
- 上官 Shangguan
- 韶 Shao
- 邵 Shao
- 佘 She
- 厙 She
- 慎 Shen
- 沈 Shen
- 申 Shen
- 莘 Shen
- 盛 Sheng
- 申屠 Shentu
- 史 Shi
- 師 Shi
- 施 Shi
- 時 Shi
- 石 Shi
- 壽 Shou
- 束 Shu
- 殳 Shu
- 舒 Shu
- 帥 Shuai
- 雙 Shuang
- 水 Shui
- 司 Si
- 司空 Sikong
- 司寇 Sikou
- 司馬 Sima
- 司徒 Situ
- 宋 song
- 松 song
- 宿 Su
- 蘇 Su
- 孫 Sun
- 索 Suo
- 邰 Tai
- 太叔 Taishu
- 談 Tan
- 譚 Tan
- 唐 Tang
- 湯 Tang
- 澹臺 Tantai
- 陶 Tao
- 滕 Teng
- 田 Tian
- 佟 Tong
- 童 Tong
- 通 Tong
- 鈄 Tou
- 屠 Do
- 涂 Do
- 拓拔 Tuoba
- 萬 Wan
- 汪 Wang
- 王 Wang
- 危 Wei
- 衛 White
- 韋 Wei
- 魏 Wei
- 微生 Weisheng
- 溫 Who
- 聞 Who
- 文 Who
- 翁 Weng
- 聞人 Wenren
- 沃 Where
- 伍 Wu
- 吳 Wu
- 巫 Wu
- 武 Wu
- 毋 Wu
- 烏 Wu
- 鄔 Wu
- 巫 馬 Wuma
- 奚 Xi
- 席 Xi
- 習 Xi
- 郗 Xi
- 郤 Xi
- 夏 Xia
- 夏侯 Xiahou
- 咸 Xian
- 向 Xiang
- 相 Xiang
- 項 Xiang
- 鮮 于 Xianyu
- 蕭 Xiao
- 謝 Xie
- 解 Xie
- 西門 Ximen
- 辛 Xin
- 刑 Xing
- 幸 Xing
- 熊 Xiong
- 徐 Xu
- 胥 Xu
- 許 Xu
- 須 Xu
- 宣 Xuan
- 軒轅 Xuanyuan
- 薛 Xue
- 荀 Xun
- 嚴 Yan
- 晏 Yan
- 燕 Yan
- 言 Yan
- 鄢 Yan
- 閆 Yan
- 閻 Yan
- 顏 Yan
- 楊 Yang
- 仰 Yang
- 羊 Yang
- 陽 Yang
- 養 Yang
- 羊舌 Yangshe
- 姚 Yao
- 葉 Ye
- 羿 Yi
- 伊 Yi
- 易 Yi
- 益 Yi
- 尹 Yin
- 殷 Yin
- 印 Yin
- 陰 Yin
- 應 Ying
- 雍 Yong
- 尤 You
- 有 You
- 游 You
- 俞 Yu
- 喻 Yu
- 庾 Yu
- 於 Yu
- 禹 Yu
- 蔚 Yu
- 虞 Yu
- 郁 Yu
- 郁 Yu
- 魚 Yu
- 于 Yu
- 余 Yu
- 元 yuan
- 袁 yuan
- 尉遲 Yuchi
- 岳 Yue
- 樂 Yue
- 越 Yue
- 樂 正 Yuezheng
- 雲 Yun
- 宇文 Yuwen
- 宰 Zai
- 宰 父 Zaifu
- 昝 Zan
- 臧 Zang
- 曾 Zeng
- 查 Zha
- 翟 Zhai
- 湛 Zhan
- 詹 Zhan
- 仉 Zhang
- 張 Zhang
- 章 Zhang
- 長孫 Zhangsun
- 趙 Zhao
- 甄 Zhen
- 鄭 Zheng
- 支 Zhi
- 終 Zhong
- 鍾 Zhong
- 仲 Zhong
- 鐘離 Zhongli
- 仲孫 Zhongsun
- 周 Zhou
- 朱 Zhu
- 祝 Zhu
- 竺 Zhu
- 諸 Zhu
- 莊 Zhuang
- 顓 孫 Zhuansun
- 諸葛 Zhuge
- 卓 Zhuo
- 訾 Zi
- 子 車 Ziju
- 宗 Zong
- 宗 政 Zongzheng
- 鄒 Zou
- 祖 To
- 左 Zuo
- 左 丘 Zuoqiu
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b K. S. Tom: Echoes from Old China. Life, Legends and Lore of the Middle Kingdom. Hawaii Chinese History Center, Honolulu HI 1989, ISBN 0-8248-1285-9 .
- ^ Janey Chen: A Practical English-Chinese Pronouncing Dictionary. English, Chinese Characters, Romanized Mandarin and Cantonese. 2nd printing. Tuttle, Rutland VT et al. 1992, ISBN 0-8048-1877-0 .
- ↑ The last line shouldn't contain surnames, it means, “This is where the Book of One Hundred Family Names ends .” There are people whose surnames were taken from this last line.
Web links
- List of surnames in simple Chinese at Greatchinese.net
- Bai Jia Xing on the "Chinese Classics" page of China News Digest
- A hundred family names
- The Ten Thousand Family Names of Netor (NETOR 纪念: 万家 姓氏) (Chinese)