Whore (bible)

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Victory O Lord! (1871) by John Everett Millais shows Moses holding up his hands at the Battle of Refidim while Hur (left) and Aaron (right in red) support them.

Hur ( Heb. חוּר) is a biblical figure who is introduced as a companion of Moses and Aaron . As the son of Caleb , he belongs to the tribe of Judah . In the Tanach he is only mentioned briefly as judge of the people of Israel alongside Aaron , but is described in more detail in rabbinical literature .

Biblical information

  1. Hur is first mentioned together with Moses and Aaron at the battle of Refidim against Amalek and his army , when he and Aaron support the arms of Moses ( Ex 17.10-12  EU ). Hur is also presented in Ex 24.14  EU together with Aaron as a judicial authority for the people, while Moses is climbing Mount Sinai .
  2. Hur is the firstborn son of Caleb and his concubine Efrata . He had a son named Uri, and Uri was the father of Bezalel ( 1 Chr 2,18-20  EU ), who directed the manufacture of the tabernacle ( Ex 31,2-11  EU ). After 1 Chr 2.50–51  EU , Hur had three other sons in addition to Uri: Schobal, Salmon and Haref, who were each the founders of Kirjat-Jearim , Bethlehem and Bet-Gader ( 1 Chr 2.50–51  EU ). In 1 Chr 4,4, however, Hur is mentioned as the father of Bethlehem.

It is not certain that the scriptures 1 and 2 refer to the same person, but Jewish tradition assumes it.

According to Flavius ​​Josephus (approx. 37-100 AD), Hur was the husband of Moses' sister Mirjam . In the Targum (Aramaic translation of the Old Testament) to 1 Chr 2,19 and 1 Chr 4,4, Mirjam is equated with Hur's mother Efrata.

Rabbinical literature

Before Moses goes up Mount Sinai, he hands over the judgeship of the people of Israel to Aaron and Hur. This situation is further described in rabbinical literature: When Moses does not return after 40 days, the people come to Aaron and Hur with the request to make a god for them in place of Moses ( Ex 32.1  EU ). Thereupon Hur, who remembered his parentage and high position, was outraged and severely reprimanded the people for their ungodly intentions. But the angry people killed him. The sight of his corpse caused Aaron to grant the wishes of the people, because he would rather commit a sin himself than see the people charged with the crime of a second murder. As a reward for Gur's martyrdom, Bezalel, Gur's grandson, had been entrusted with building the tabernacle. One of his descendants is Solomon , who built the Jerusalem temple .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Article on Hur in the Jewish Encyclopedia of 1906
  2. ^ Jewish antiquities by Flavius ​​Josephus; approx. 93 AD; Book 3, Chapter 2, Paragraph 4
  3. ↑ Pirqe de Rabbi Eliezer , Chapter 45 , approx. 700 AD.