Hygiene plan
The hygiene plan contains written procedures for adhering to and guaranteeing certain hygiene standards in order to prevent or contain infections. It also includes the written documentation of the measures taken as well as specific disinfection plans.
Background and target groups
According to the Infection Protection Act (IfSG) (Section 36) in Germany, according to the constitutional allocation (Art. 83 and 84 of the Basic Law), the federal states are required to implement the measures to protect against infection. In addition to the IfSG, the Biological Agents Ordinance must be followed, so that health care facilities such as hospitals, nursing homes and medical practices, but also other community facilities such as kindergartens and correctional facilities, must draw up hygiene plans and regularly review and update them. This also applies to health facilities such as outpatient care , dialysis and delivery facilities , medical foot care and rescue and transport services. Institutions and companies where there is the possibility that pathogens are transmitted through blood through activities on humans can also be monitored hygienically by the health department. This concerns z. B. Piercing, tattoo, cosmetic and foot care facilities. The state working group for the creation of hygiene plans according to § 36 IfSG has drawn up general hygiene plans for all areas.
For sports facilities (except swimming and bathing facilities) there is no specific requirement from the IfSG, but the working group of the federal states gives recommendations on hygiene .
According to the applicable state regulations, the internal procedures for infection hygiene can largely be determined at the discretion of the respective facility, as the law does not contain any requirements. For health care facilities, however, there are additional provisions that must be taken into account in the hygiene plan. As a rule, health facilities have hygiene officers who, among other things, contribute to the creation and updating of hygiene plans.
Basics
In addition to the requirements of the respective federal state, the basis of the hygiene plan are certain DIN standards, the food hygiene regulation (LMHV), the accident prevention regulations of the employer's liability insurance association and findings from occupational medicine, for example according to BGR 250 (biological agents in health care and welfare) and TRBA 250 ( Technical rules for biological agents). The hygiene plan defines all measures in the individual areas of activity of a facility that relate to cleaning, disinfection, sterilization, supply and disposal processes. This prevents damage to health that can occur, for example, through infections or when using hazardous substances.
Obligations
The respective facility manager is responsible for hygiene. Hygiene officers, hygiene specialists or hospital hygienists have an advisory function. The entire team of employees must adhere to the instructions laid down in the plan, as they are considered service instructions. Therefore, the hygiene plan must be kept in a place accessible to the employees. In addition, the hygiene plan must be presented to the health department or the medical officer on request , e.g. B. at a facility inspection.
content
Procedures
The procedures to be specified in the hygiene plan include, depending on the facility, basic hygiene and special hygiene measures in diagnostics, care and therapy as well as in certain functional or domestic areas, as well as regulations on food and laundry supply , disposal of waste, outbreak management and mandatory reporting of certain communicable infections, for the preparation of medical products, for measures of pest monitoring or the control of pests, for dealing with pets, and for microbiological diagnostics.
If a sample hygiene plan is used, it must be adapted to the individual circumstances of the facility. The respective work instructions usually follow a scheme: The background of the measure and the necessary prerequisites are explained, the measure and its follow-up are described and applicable documents are named. In addition, for activities requiring evidence, it is indicated where the implementation of the measure is to be documented.
Cleaning and disinfection plan
The hygiene plan contains cleaning and disinfection plans that regulate the details of cleaning, disinfection and sterilization in various structural areas. An up-to-date plan relevant to the respective area is posted there in a clearly visible place. For example, there is usually a different cleaning and disinfection plan in the kitchen area than in the examination room.
The disinfection plan contains detailed indication, product and dosage information in the form of a table as well as information on the required exposure times. He also names the professional groups responsible for the individual measures. In healthcare facilities with a very limited scope of services, the cleaning and disinfection plan can represent the minimum variant of a hygiene plan.
The cleaning and disinfection plan contains information appropriate to the respective area of application, for example regarding
- Hand hygiene (hand washing, hand disinfection, skin protection and care, use of disposable gloves)
- the reprocessing of medical products such as instruments, devices and aids for examination, treatment or care (e.g. rotating and oscillating instruments, straight and contra-angle handpieces , as well as turbines , impressions and dental workpieces in the dental practice )
- Maintenance cleaning and disinfection of surfaces and devices (e.g. work surfaces in the kitchen area, outside and inside surfaces of cupboards, in particular refrigerators and freezers, dishwashers)
- Skin and mucous membrane disinfection before injection or puncture
The disinfection products listed in the plan must be listed in the disinfectant list of the Association for Applied Hygiene (VAH) or the German Society for Hygiene and Microbiology (DGHM).
literature
- Andreas Schwarzkopf: Practical knowledge for hygiene officers. Verlag W. Kohlhammer, 2008, ISBN 978-3-17-019849-4 , pp. 109-182.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hygiene plan. Robert Koch Institute, as of April 20, 2017 ; accessed on March 15, 2019.
- ↑ General hygiene plans of the regional working group: Health facilities. ; accessed on March 15, 2019.
- ↑ General hygiene plans of the national working group for the creation of hygiene plans. ; accessed on March 15, 2019
- ↑ Recommendations on hygiene . Developed by: Länder working group for the creation of hygiene plans according to § 36 IfSG; Status: April 2005 ; accessed on March 15, 2019.
- ↑ General explanations on the hygiene plan of various health facilities. Health Service of the City of Vienna, Department of Supervision and Quality Assurance. Status: November 2011 ; accessed on March 17, 2019.