EN 61131
|
DIN EN 61131 |
|---|---|
| Area | Automation technology |
| title | Basics of programmable logic controllers |
| Latest edition | see text |
| ISO | IEC 61131 |
The European standard EN 61131 , which is based on the international standard IEC 61131, deals with the fundamentals of programmable logic controllers . EN 61499 is an object-oriented further development for distributed controls .
construction
- Part 1: General Information; current edition 3.2004
- Part 2: Equipment requirements and tests; current issue 04.2008
- Part 2 Correction 1: Equipment requirements and tests; current edition 01.2009
- Part 3: Programming Languages; current issue 06.2014
- Part 3 Supplement 1: Guidelines for the use and implementation of programming languages for programmable logic controllers; current edition 4.2005
- Part 5: Communication; current edition 11.2001
- Part 6: Functional Safety; current edition 10.2013
- Part 7: Fuzzy Control Programming; current edition 11.2001
- Part 9: Interface for communication with small sensors and actuators via a point-to-point connection; IEC 61131-9: 2013 Single-drop digital communication interface for small sensors and actuators (SDCI) - commonly known as IO-Link
Furthermore, two Technical Reports (TR) were issued by the International Electrotechnical Commission :
- IEC TR 61131-4: User Guidelines
- IEC TR 61131-8: Guidelines for the application and implementation of programming languages
Part 2: Equipment requirements and tests (EN 61131-2: 2008)
Part 2 of the standard describes requirements for the control hardware and provides test instructions. Control hardware that can meet all the requirements of IEC 61131-2 is also considered safe in terms of the conformity assessment for the CE marking .
Part 3: Programming languages (EN 61131-3: 2014-06)
EN 61131-3 (also IEC 1131 or 61131) is the only globally valid standard for the programming languages of programmable logic controllers . On August 1st, 1994 it replaced DIN 19239 and defines the following five languages:
| English | German | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abbr. | designation | Abbr. | designation | Remarks |
| IL | Instruction List | AWL | Instruction list | Comparable to assembler ; Siemens calls it STL (Statement List). Marked as obsolete in the 2014-06 edition of the standard, it should be omitted in future. |
| LD | Ladder diagram | LAD | Ladder diagram | Comparable to an electrical circuit diagram that is rotated by 90 ° |
| FBD | Function block diagram | FBS | Function block language | Also known as FBD (function plan), especially with Siemens STEP 7 . Similar to logic circuit diagrams |
| SFC | Sequential Function Chart | AS | Sequence of events | A kind of state diagram , known in STEP 7 as S7 GRAPH. Based on Grafcet according to EN 60848 . |
| ST | Structured text | ST | Structured text | Based on high-level languages, referred to as SCL (Structured Control Language) in STEP 7. |
The IL and ST languages are text-based, the other languages (LD, FBD and SFC) are graphic. Functions and function blocks that are written in one of the other languages or made available by the PLC manufacturer in the form of software libraries without source text can be used in all languages . Each programming language in turn has its advantages and disadvantages. ST, for example, is a language-based and text-based programming language, while IL is text-based but otherwise signal-based.
Depending on the performance of the PLC or the programming device, not all languages have to be available. The conversion between languages is manufacturer-dependent; therefore not possible or only possible with restrictions. Many programming environments also offer the option of using other languages such as B. C to use.
Not all languages will be permanent in the long run. IL, LD and FBD were the first languages. You hardly ever come across LD from them. The situation is similar with IL, because new systems are very rarely delivered in this way. IL is needed above all for maintaining old systems and machines.
The future will mainly be SFC and ST, and of the older languages probably FBD.
See also
Major implementations of Part 3
- CODESYS Codesys . Programming tool independent of device manufacturers and thus for more than 1000 different SP / industrial controls
- Siemens STEP 7 . Proprietary programming tool for Siemens controls
literature
- Aspern von, Jens: PLC software development with Petri nets, IEC-61131-coded high-speed networks (turbo networks) , VDE VERLAG GMBH (2003), ISBN 3-8007-2728-5 .
- Aspern von, Jens: PLC software development according to IEC 61131 , Hüthig Verlag, Heidelberg (2000), ISBN 3-7785-2681-2 .
- Aspern von, Jens: PLC Basics - Structure - Programming (IEC61131, S7) - Simulation - Internet - Security Hüthig Verlag, Heidelberg (2005), ISBN 3-7785-2921-8 .
- John, Karl-Heinz, Tiegelkamp, Michael: PLC programming with IEC 61131-3 , Springer Verlag, ISBN 978-3-642-00268-7 .
- Lepers, Heinrich: PLC programming according to IEC 61131-3 - With examples for CoDeSys and Step7 , Franzis Verlag (2007), ISBN 3-7723-5805-5 .
- Petry, Jochen: PLC programming according to IEC 61131-3 with Multiprog 4.0 , IBP Ingenieurbüro Petry (2007), ISBN 3-0002-2043-7 .