IEEE 1547

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The IEEE 1547 standard ("IEEE Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems") is a standard that enables the connection of decentralized generating systems for electrical energy, e.g. B. photovoltaic systems, regulates distribution networks. It is of particular importance for the feed-in and distribution of renewable energies , since in many cases these are generated decentrally near the consumers and have to be collected in the area. The standard is part of a series of IEEE standards for the expansion of decentralized generation systems and ultimately of smart grids . The standard was drawn up and maintained by the American Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and there by SCC21, the Standards Coordinating Committee on Fuel Cells, Photovoltaics, Dispersed Generation, and Energy Storage.

The IEEE 1547 series in the United States

The network connection standard IEEE 1547, which was adopted in 2003 and confirmed in 2008, has undergone significant additions due to the decentralization of energy generation, which is already greatly expanded today and will become even more important in the future, which are presented below together with the basic standard.

Basic standard

The basic standard IEEE 1547 contains criteria and requirements for performance, operation, testing, safety and reliability as well as maintenance of decentralized generation plants (DEA) that are operated on electrical distribution networks. So z. B. Lower and upper limits for the voltage and frequency ranges to be adhered to. The standard applies to generating plants up to 10 MVA. It was made mandatory by the Energy Policy Act of 2005 as a national standard for connecting distributed power generators in the USA. In 2013, selected critical points were revised (Amendment 1), such as B. the definition of new default values ​​for frequency and voltage protection. The IEEE 1547 standard is currently (as of March 2015) undergoing a complete revision, as many of the requirements that are more than 10 years old are no longer up to date. To integrate a higher DEA density z. For example, robust connection rules are required so that many decentralized systems do not go offline in the event of a minor fault, but support the network.

Additions to the basic standard

IEEE 1547.1-2005 "Standard for Conformance Tests Procedures for Equipment Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems". The standard specifies requirements for testing generating plants and their components for conformity with IEEE 1547.

IEEE 1547.2-2008 "Application Guide for IEEE 1547 Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems". This standard is a guideline that is intended to support the understanding of the application of the IEEE 1547 standard to different types of decentralized generation systems (DEA).

IEEE 1547.3-2007 "Guide for Monitoring, Information Exchange, and Control of Distributed Resources Interconnected with Electric Power Systems". The standard serves to improve interoperability (compatibility) when connecting one or more distributed generators to a power grid. This includes aspects of monitoring, information exchange and control of the networked and distributed producers. These include fuel cells , photovoltaic systems , wind turbines and distributed energy storage systems .

IEEE 1547.4-2011 "Guide for Design, Operation, and Integration of Distributed Resource Island Systems with Electric Power Systems". The standard contains different approaches and examples for the conception and operation of "island systems", i. H. a self-sufficient supply that is independent of the higher-level grid, as well as its integration into power grids. This also includes the (temporary) disconnection and reconnection to the power grid in order to improve the quality of supply.

IEEE 1547.6-2011 "Recommended Practice For Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems Distribution Secondary Networks". This part of the standard aims to connect energy producers with second-order distribution networks, ie low-voltage networks. It contains recommendations regarding performance, operation, tests, safety and maintenance of generating plants and connections.

IEEE P1547.7 "Draft Guide to Conducting Distribution Impact Studies for Distributed Resource Interconnection". The standard, which was only available as a draft in 2012, describes methods of investigation to determine the possible effects of decentralized producers on regional networks. Criteria for reducing possible effects are described. They are intended to lead to a uniform assessment of possible risks and are aimed at decentralized producers, owners and operators of distribution networks as well as regulatory authorities.

IEEE P1547.8 "Recommended Practice for Establishing Methods and Procedures that Provide Supplemental Support for Implementation Strategies for Expanded Use of IEEE Standard 1547". The standard, which was only available as a draft in 2012, specifies methods and procedures that allow greater flexibility in the definition of further implementation strategies. This is primarily aimed at integrating the generation of solar energy and other renewable energies into the network infrastructure.

Related IEEE standards

IEEE 2030-2011 "Draft Guide for Smart Grid Interoperability of Energy Technology and Information Technology Operation with the Electric Power System (EPS), and End-Use Applications and Loads". The older IEEE 1547 standard does not yet explicitly address the extended requirements for setting up smart grids . In particular, there is still a lack of standardization of the role of information and communication technology in the intelligent integration of producers and consumers into the power grid. This is the subject of the IEEE 2030 standard, which was published in September 2011.

Comparable standardization in Europe

In Europe, the standardization of the integration of decentralized generators in power grids is not as advanced as in the USA. The reason lies mainly in the many national norms and standards in this area. Legal requirements are in preparation as so-called network codes with the rank of a European regulation (as of March 2015). There is also a mandate from the EU Commission to standardize smart grids .

In view of the need to use decentralized renewable energies, cf. z. For example, the energy transition in Germany, intensive work is now being carried out on an EU-wide harmonized standardization of grid connection conditions. At the European level, the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization ( CENELEC ) is in charge, within CENELEC working group 3 of the Technical Committee TC 8X (system aspects of electrical power supply). In December 2013, the revised standard EN 50438 (requirements for the connection of small generators to the public low-voltage network) was published. In January 2015, the Technical Specification TS 50549 was published, which contains the requirements for generators that are intended for parallel operation on the low or medium voltage network.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ IEEE Standards Association: 1547 Series of Interconnection Standards
  2. ^ IEEE Standards Association: IEEE 1547 Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems
  3. ↑ IEEE Standards Association: IEEE 2030 Draft Guide for Smart Grid Interoperability of Energy Technology and Information Technology Operation with the Electric Power System (EPS), and End-Use Applications and Loads
  4. ↑ European Distributed Energy Resources Laboratories: Key needs, priorities and framework for the development of a common European pre-standard on DER interconnection (research report, Kassel 2008) ( Memento of the original from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet tested. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF file; 871 kB)  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.der-lab.net
  5. ↑ Standardization Mandate to European Standardization Organizations (ESOs) to support European Smart Grid deployment European Commission: Mandate to the European standardization organizations to create standards to support the introduction of intelligent power grids in Europe (M / 490, March 2011) (PDF file; 53 kB)
  6. ↑ EN 50438: 2013 Requirements for micro-generating plants to be connected in parallel with public low-voltage distribution networks.
  7. ↑ CLC / TS 50549-2: 2015 Requirements for generating plants to be connected in parallel with distribution networks - Part 2: Connection to a MV distribution network.