Idol from the Kögelberg

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Idol from the Kögelberg
Copper Age (or Mesolithic )
Clay, fired,
4 cm × 3 cm × 3 cm
State Museum Joanneum ; Graz

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The Kögelberg idol is a Stone Age (Neolithic) figurine that was found on the Kögelberg not far from Graz in Styria . The head is preserved; it is interpreted as a cultic statuette ( idol ).

description

The roughly 4 centimeter fragment encompasses the head and neck of a figure that was originally about the size of a hand. The nearly triangular face is mask-like, flat, clearly modeled with eyes and nose and indicated to the side of the ears.

It is fired clay .

Find, date and presentation

The head was recovered in 1984 by Gerald Fuchs and Diether Kramer during emergency excavations in the well-known settlement on the Kögelberg.

According to an analysis by Elisabeth Ruttkay  (1997), the statue of the (Balaton) Lasinja culture can be attributed to the Middle Copper Age (Copper Age), which here mostly around 3700 BC. Is dated beginning. Because of the finds in Graz and the Wildoner Buchkogel , the beginning of the Copper Age from 4000 BC was also noted. Chr. (Epi- Lengyel horizon) suspected. Georg Tiefengraber , on the other hand, sees “unmistakable similarities” to idols of the Middle Neolithic Vinča culture , which are known for 5400-4500 BC. Chr. Assumes.

The Köglberg idol has long been considered the oldest figurine found in Styria. It has been exhibited in the Prehistory and Early History Collection of the Landesmuseum Joanneum in Eggenberg Palace, since 2004 together with Graz-iella , a figure of Epi-Lengyel found in Graz shortly before. These are now considered to be the “oldest Styrian and oldest Styrian”.

literature

(chronologically)

  • Gerald Fuchs, Diether Kramer: The idol from Kögelberg - the oldest human representation in Styria. In: Joanneum aktuell 1, 1985, pp. 6-7.
  • Diether Kramer: The idol of the Kögelberg. (Article prehistory. ) In: Josef Riegler (Ed.): Heiligenkreuz am Waasen. Self-published by the municipality, 1986, p. 12.
  • Elisabeth Ruttkay: The first Neolithic idol head from Styria. To the idol sculpture of the Lasinja culture. In: Antidóron Dragoslavo Srejovic: Copmletis LXV annis ab amicis collegis discipulis oblatu = Uzdarje Dragoslavu Srejoviću. Povodom šezdesetpet godina života od prijatelja, saradnika i učenika. (ed. Lazic, M.) Beograd, 1997, pp. 181-191.

Illustrations:

  • Mária Bondár: Kultúraváltások a rézkori emberábrázolások tükrében (Dunántúl). In: Zalai Múzeum 15, 2006, Fig. 3, p. 127, No. 2 ( full article, p. 107-133 , pdf, epa.oszk.hu; there p. 21).
  • Bernhard Hebert (ed.): Prehistory and Roman times in Styria. Volume 1 of the history of Styria . Böhlau Verlag, Vienna 2015, ISBN 9783205796916 , p. 212, No. 1 (section Georg Tiefengraber: Neolithic and Copper Age ; limited preview in Google book search)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Landesmuseum Joanneum: annual reports 1984, new series 14, Graz 1985, p. 108, section reports: department for prehistory and early history and coin collection. PDF on ZOBODAT there S, 112.
  2. ↑ Georg Tiefengraber: Neolithic and Copper Age. In Hebert: Prehistory and Roman times in Styria. 2015, in the section Religion and Cult , p. 212 Col. 2 f (for details see Lit .: Figures ).
  3. ^ "Graz-iella" - A female figure from the 4th millennium BC Chr. In: new museum - the austrian museum magazine 04/2, Österreichischer Museumsbund, July 2004, Journal / kurz & bündig , p. 62 ( issue, pdf , museumsbund.at).
  4. ^ "Oldest Styrian" comes to the museum. ORF.at (undated, 2004?).