Infectious bronchitis
The Infectious Bronchitis (IB) is a viral disease of birds , mainly domestic fowl and pheasant attacks. The pathogen is the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a coronavirus .
clinic
The transmission occurs primarily as a droplet infection , whereby grains of dust and droplets loaded with viruses can travel long distances. The virus colonizes the ciliated epithelium of the airways, but the fallopian tubes can also be affected. IB spreads rapidly in a herd, especially young animals show a high incidence of the disease . The losses can be up to 25%.
The incubation time is 18 to 36 hours. Clinically, breathlessness, nasal discharge, rattling breath noises and conjunctivitis occur. In addition, general disorders with unwillingness to eat can be observed. Fallopian tube infections later lead to laying disorders such as thin-shelled eggs, crab eggs, reduced or completely absent laying activity ("false layers") and reduced hatching rate.
Diagnostics and control
The rapid spread in the population and the clinical symptoms allow a suspected diagnosis. The diagnosis can be made by pathological examination of dead birds as well as with serological and virological detection methods. The differential diagnosis are mycoplasmosis , infectious laryngotracheitis , chicken rhinitis and Newcastle disease , but also to distinguish non-infectious diseases (feeding errors).
Treatment is symptomatic at best. The control is therefore primarily based on vaccination , which can be carried out from the third week of life. It should be repeated every three to four months in endangered areas.
literature
Norbert Kummerfeld: Infectious bronchitis (IB) . In: K. Gabrisch, P. Zwart: Diseases of pets. 6th edition Schlütersche, 2005, ISBN 3-89993-010-X , p. 623.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Alex Knapp: The secret history of the first coronavirus 229E , in Forbes from April 12, 2020 - Research history of IBV and the human pathogenic coronaviruses
