Infitah

As Infitah ( Arabic انفتاح, DMG ʾInfitāḥ ‚opening '), the Egyptian President Anwar Sadat described his policy of opening up to Israel and opening up the economy to private companies from 1975 . This policy corresponded with the loss of importance of the public sector and a strengthening of the private sector, after voices were raised in the early 1970s that were able to recognize Sovietization in Egypt.

This policy was, among other things, a consequence of the Yom Kippur War between Israel and Egypt in 1973 and also included the recognition of Israel as an independent state and the admission of private investments. The orientation towards Israel and the West (especially the United States ) should, according to Sadat, lead to a higher level of prosperity in the Egyptian population. As a result of this policy, however, Egypt lost the Soviet Union as its long-term ally.

development

In early 1977, thousands of people protested the Infitah policy after grants for food were cut.

Jimmy Carter and Anwar Sadat at Camp David 1978

The Camp David negotiations in 1978, which led to the signing of the Israeli-Egyptian peace treaty in March 1979, were also a consequence of the opening up to the West . This peace treaty included mutual recognition and the creation of diplomatic missions in the two countries, as well as the free exchange of goods between the two nations. Israel withdrew its troops from Sinai by April 1982 . As a result of this separate peace within the Arab world, Egypt was temporarily isolated.

Finally, on October 6, 1981 , Sadat was shot dead during a military parade in Cairo .

literature

Wolfgang G. Schwanitz : The pro-imperialist "open door policy". Main features of the economic development in Egypt from 1971 to the beginning of the 80s. Dissertation , University of Leipzig, 1985.

Individual evidence

^ Gilles Kepel: Jihad: the trail of political Islam . IB Tauris, 2009, ISBN 978-1-84511-257-8 , pp. 83 (English).
^ Tarek Osman: Egypt on the Brink . From Nasser to Mubarak. 3. Edition. Yale University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0-300-16275-2 , pp. 67 (English).
^ Tarek Osman: Egypt on the Brink . From Nasser to Mubarak. 3. Edition. Yale University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0-300-16275-2 , pp. 117 f . (English).

[1] Gilles Kepel: Jihad: the trail of political Islam . IB Tauris, 2009, ISBN 978-1-84511-257-8 , pp. 83 (English).

[2] Tarek Osman: Egypt on the Brink . From Nasser to Mubarak. 3. Edition. Yale University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0-300-16275-2 , pp. 67 (English).

[3] Tarek Osman: Egypt on the Brink . From Nasser to Mubarak. 3. Edition. Yale University Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0-300-16275-2 , pp. 117 f . (English).