Internal emergency
In constitutional law, an internal emergency is defined as the emergency of a state as a result of natural disasters , serious accidents , attacks on the basic state order or the existence of the state. As a rule, receive executive by the Constitution confers special powers for the duration of the internal emergency.
Germany
In German constitutional law , an internal emergency occurs when there is a threat to the existence or the free democratic basic order of the Federation or a Land in accordance with Article 91, Paragraph 1 of the Basic Law or when a natural disaster or a particularly serious accident occurs in accordance with Article 35 of the Basic Law.
To avert an internal emergency, a country can call on the police from other countries as well as forces and institutions from other administrations and the federal police . The federal government can submit the police in this country and the police forces of other countries to their instructions and deploy units of the federal police if the accident affects more than one country or the country is not ready or able to combat the danger. The order is to be lifted after the danger has been eliminated, otherwise at any time at the request of the Federal Council .
According to Article 87a of the Basic Law, the Federal Government can use the Bundeswehr to support the police and the Federal Police in protecting civilian objects and in combating organized and militarily armed insurgents. The use of armed forces must be stopped if the German Bundestag or the Bundesrat so requests. The use of armed forces is also permitted in the event of disasters or particularly serious accidents.
According to Article 9, Paragraph 3, Clause 3 of the Basic Law , the measures to avert an internal emergency must not be directed against labor disputes that pursue labor policy goals and are conducted by the social partners.
Austria
The Federal Constitution provides for the use of the Federal Army , an emergency ordinance right of the Federal President , an emergency ordinance right of the state government and the direct federal state administration by the respective governor in accordance with the emergency provisions of the Austrian Federal Constitution for extraordinary circumstances .
