Jewish community of Adorf
The Jewish community of Adorf in Adorf , a district of the Diemelsee community in the north-west of the Waldeck-Frankenberg district in northern Hesse , existed from the 18th century to 1939 at the time of National Socialism .
history
In the files of Adorf (in the Marburg State Archives ), which belonged to the county of Waldeck , Abraham Gudemann from Adorf is named in 1770, who supplied the troops with food. Other Jewish people are named in the decades that followed.
In 1872 the Jewish community reached its highest membership with 87 people (39 men, 32 women and 16 school children). In 1854 the local Jewish families owned twelve houses and the heads of the families were merchants and traders. The textile business of Louis Kann, the hardware store of the Mosheim brothers and the Adorfer Mühle of the Mannheimer brothers existed until after 1933 .
The Jewish community in Adorf had a Jewish religious school, a ritual bath ( mikveh ) and its own cemetery. In the 19th century a teacher was employed who was also active as a prayer leader and schochet . The Jewish community was under the provincial rabbinate of Kassel .
synagogue
In 1832 the Jewish community of Adorf received permission from Prince von Waldeck to set up a synagogue . A half-timbered house was bought for this, which belonged to the mayor Adolph Schwarzenberg. He himself converted from the Jewish faith to Christianity.
Community development
| year | Parishioners |
|---|---|
| 1802 | 4 families |
| 1826 | 45 people |
| 1847 | 41 people |
| 1872 | 87 people |
| 1900 | 33 people, 2.9% of the population |
| 1910 | 26 people, 2.4% of the population |
| 1933 | 19 people, 1.6% of the population |
National Socialist Persecution
During the November pogrom in 1938 , the synagogue was desecrated and the interior was destroyed, although the building had already been sold in 1937. In 1939 the building was demolished.
The memorial book of the Federal Archives lists 12 Jewish citizens born in Adorf who fell victim to the genocide of the National Socialist regime .
graveyard
The Jewish cemetery in Adorf was laid out at the beginning of the 19th century. It was occupied from 1809 to 1936. The oldest tombstone ( Mazewa ) on the 8.85 ares large cemetery dates from 1809. The cemetery is outside the village in the immediate vicinity of the Dansenberghalle.
literature
- Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Volume 1: Aach - Groß-Bieberau. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08077-2 ( online edition ).
Web links
- To the Jewish community of Adorf near Alemannia Judaica
- To the Jewish cemetery in Adorf near Alemannia Judaica
- Documentation of the Jewish cemetery in Adorf at the State Historical Information System of Hesse
