Jewish community Roth
The roots of the Jewish community in Roth , the district town of the Central Franconian district of Roth , go back to the middle of the 16th century. The Jewish community existed until 1935.
history
In 1610 the Jewish community in Roth consisted of ten families.
The heyday of the Jewish community was between the middle of the 18th and the middle of the 19th century. In 1714 there were 16 Jewish families in the city. At the end of the 18th century the Jewish community had around 200 members. From the 1850s, when Jews were able to settle again in Nuremberg , the number of Jewish residents in Roth fell rapidly.
The Jewish community owned a synagogue and a parish hall with the Jewish elementary school and religious school as well as a ritual bath . She had employed a teacher who was both a prayer leader and a slaughterer . The community belonged to the district rabbinate Ansbach . She buried her dead in the Jewish cemetery in Georgensgmünd .
Around 1924, when 19 people still belonged to the Jewish community, the heads of the community were Abraham Gutmann and Julius Weinschenk. Religion teacher and schochet Sally Cohn from Thalmässing (see Thalmässing Jewish Community ) regularly came to Roth to give religious instruction to the only Jewish child who was still in school.
Community development
| year | Parishioners |
|---|---|
| 1809/10 | 197 people, 8.3% of the population |
| 1837 | 200 people, 8.2% of the population |
| 1867 | 153 people, 6.1% of the population |
| 1871 | 128 people, 5.2% of the population |
| 1880 | 98 people, 3.4% of the population |
| 1890 | 59 people, 1.8% of the population |
| 1900 | 43 people, 1.1% of the population |
| 1910 | 32 people, 0.6% of the population |
| 1933 | 19 people, 0.3% of the population |
National Socialist Persecution
There was strong anti-Jewish sentiment in the city, which is why all Jewish residents left the city by the end of December 1935 after they had done their business and forcibly sold their property.
The memorial book of the Federal Archives lists 23 Jewish citizens born in Roth who fell victim to the genocide of the National Socialist regime .
Personalities
- Hermann Groshut (February 3, 1847 - January 10, 1922), banker and member of Roth's city council
literature
- Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Volume 3: Ochtrup - Zwittau. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08079-6 ( online edition ).
- Peter Kuhn : The art monuments of Bavaria. Georgensgmünd Jewish cemetery. New series, Vol. 6. Deutscher Kunstverlag , Munich / Berlin 2006, ISBN 3-422-06559-8 , pp. 39–39.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Commemorative Book - Victims of Persecution of the Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny in Germany 1933–1945 . Retrieved January 4, 2017.
- ↑ Peter Kuhn: Jüdischer Friedhof Georgensgmünd , pp. 39, 121, 660 (description of the tombstone)