Tiengen Jewish cemetery
The Tiengen Jewish cemetery is a Jewish cemetery in Tiengen , in the Waldshut district in southern Baden-Württemberg .
location
The Jewish cemetery is on Feldbergstrasse in the direction of Gurtweil . Originally it was located far outside the village, now it is surrounded by residential developments. The north is bounded by the embankment of the Hochrheinbahn , the other sides are surrounded by walls.
history
The Jewish cemetery in Tiengen was built around 1760. The first Jews settled in Tiengen in 1454. After a temporary expulsion (1675), two Jewish families again settled in Tiengen in 1718. Since a burial in the Christian cemetery was not possible, the Jewish community leased an area outside the city. In 1871 there were already 197 Jews living in the city, which made up almost 20% of the total population. On October 23, 1903, the cemetery was victim of desecration for the first time. 37 tombstones were knocked over by hand. In 1933 there were 46 Jews living in the city and in 1936 only 27. The last burial in the cemetery took place in 1936.
On November 9, 1938, during Reichskristallnacht , the synagogue and shops of the Jews in Tiengen were destroyed. In the days that followed, a Tiengen farmer went to the cemetery with his horses, broke open the gate and destroyed the cemetery by laying down the gravestones with the help of the horses. Only three tombstones from the years 1764, 1790 and 1793 survived this desecration, because at that time they could not be seen under high undergrowth. The shattered tombstones were later sold to stonemasons and used to build a retaining wall on Seilerbergweg, where they could be seen until 2000. The locals called this wall The Tiengen Wailing Wall .
With the deportation of the last four remaining Jewish residents to the Gurs internment camp on October 22, 1940 , the almost 500-year Jewish history of Tiengen ended. After the war, the cemetery was reopened as a memorial. A large memorial stone contains the names of 50 Jewish residents from Tiengen, Waldshut and St. Blasien who have been buried here since 1889 .
In 2000 the gravestones of the retaining wall were brought back to the cemetery and a memorial was erected from the individual fragments with the inscription: In memory of the crime of desecration by the National Socialists in 1938. As a sign of reconciliation, the destroyed gravestones were returned in 2000.
Photo gallery
Cemetery grounds
Memorial plaque for the graves
Memorial column made of old tombstones
Memorial column
The three oldest intact gravestones
literature
- Dieter Petri: The Tiengen Jews . Zell am Hammersbach, 1984, ISBN 3-9800740-0-5 .
- Heinz Voellner: Tiengen: Pictures of an old city. 1987, OCLC 313312155 .
Web links
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 47 ° 37 ′ 58.5 ″ N , 8 ° 15 ′ 53.6 ″ E