JIS X 0208
JIS X 0208 ( Japanese 7 ビ ッ ト 及 び 8 ビ ッ ト の 2 バ イ ト 情報 交換 用 符号 化 漢字 集合 , German "7-bit and 8-bit pair-byte-coded Kanji amounts for information exchange") is a character set and a Japan Industrial Standard that encodes the Japanese script . It contains 6,879 characters. It was introduced in 1978 as JIS C 6226 . In 1983 the standard was renamed to its current name, and in 1990 and 1997 it was revised.
The character set is a mixed 8- and 16-bit character set. The first 128 code points are coded in 8 bits and correspond to JIS-Roman . The following 128 code points are coded in 16 bits in a 94 × 94 matrix, theoretically 8,836 characters can be coded. This system is also used by GB2312 and KS X 1001 . Positions of individual characters are also described based on their position in the 94 × 94 matrix, for example the character “ 亜 ” is coded in the 16th first bit and the 1st second bit and its position is therefore 16-01 .
Kanji are encoded in two areas: the first area codes the 2,965 most frequent Kanji sorted according to the On reading , the second area codes 3,390 additional Kanji, which are sorted in a dictionary according to the sorting.
In addition to the Japanese fonts, the character set also encodes the Latin , Greek and Cyrillic script, frame drawings and various special characters.
Some characters that are coded in the standard have not been handed down in writing and have neither readings nor meanings. These characters are known in Japan as Yūrei Moji ( 幽 霊 文字 , dt. "Ghost mark", cf. Yūrei ) and were created through errors when writing or reading the mostly handwritten Kanji.
Encodings based on JIS X 0208 are Shift-JIS , EUC-JP and ISO-2022-JP .
JIS X 0213 extends this character set by additional characters.
