Jazz and Modern Dance
Jazz and Modern Dance (JMD) is a young dance sport that expresses itself through art and sport on the dance floor. The dance style has gone through a development of several decades. The jazz dance combines elements of African, European and American dance styles. In the USA in particular , it developed in the exploration and connection of white and black dance. It began with the abduction of slaves from Africa to North and South America and spread to dance music and show business. The combination of elements of expressive dance , modern dance and jazz dance results in very free and varied possibilities.
features
Typical characteristics of jazz dance are polyrhythmics and polycentricity , multiplication, opposition and parallelism, as well as intuitive spontaneity and interaction through improvisation . Jazz dance has the characteristic that there is no set form and is therefore open to other styles. Furthermore, from folklore to classical music to sport and acrobatics in jazz dance. The foundations of modern dance today were laid by the schools of the American choreographer Martha Graham and the choreographer José Limon . There are principles from which techniques can be derived:
- Principle of inhalation and exhalation: This results in the technique of contraction / release (contraction / release)
- Principle of gravity: This results in the fall / recovery technique
- Principle of equilibrium: This results in the balance / off-balance technique.
“Impulse” and “leadership” are other important terms in this context. As in jazz dance, the inclusion of the spatial dimensions plays a major role. What modern dance and jazz dance have in common is that in both dance styles, the limits of movement and expression are determined by the dancer's anatomy or imagination.
Today's dance theater is a playground for different ways of representing art. Elements from ballet, jazz dance, folk dance and improvisation merge with theater and performance.
JMD tournaments
The first formation tournaments in this dance sport took place in Hessen - in 1976 the first Hessen Championship. As early as 1988, the German Dance Sports Association (DTV) took up the idea of the Hessian Dance Sports Association (HTV) and formed a committee to create the rules for the tournament and sports regulations of the DTV. Elimination tournaments were held nationwide as early as 1989 in order to be able to divide up the league, at that time still without the Eastern associations. A year later, 101 formations were at the start in three league areas, and the first German championship was held in Frankfurt.
In the meantime, there are more than 400 formations from the regional league to the 1st Bundesliga in four league areas, north-east, west, south and south-east, and the number is increasing every year. Jazz and modern dance are now practiced nationwide by several thousand young people and adults. The "league pyramids" show the structure of the German league systems of the DTV season 2014:
| Main group | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The national leagues | 1st National League | ||||||||
| Relegation (as part of the German championship) | |||||||||
| 2. Bundesliga North-East / West | 2nd Bundesliga South-East | ||||||||
| The regional leagues | Regionalliga North-East | Regionalliga West | Regional league south | Regionalliga South-East | |||||
| Relegation | |||||||||
| The major leagues | Oberliga Nord-Ost | Oberliga I West | Oberliga II West | Oberliga Süd | Oberliga I South-East | Oberliga II South-East | |||
| Relegation | |||||||||
| The association leagues | Association League North-East | Association league I-III West | Association League I-III South | Association League I South-East | Association League II South-East | ||||
| Relegation | |||||||||
| The national leagues | Regional League I North-East | Regional League II North-East | Regional league I-IV West | Regional League South-East | |||||
| youth | |||||||||
| The association leagues | Youth Association League North-East | Youth Association League West | Youth Association League I-III South | Youth Association League I South-East | Youth Association League II South-East | ||||
| Relegation | |||||||||
| The national leagues | Youth Regional League I-IV West | ||||||||
| children | |||||||||
| Children's League I West | Children's League II West | Children's League I-II South | Children's League I South-East | Children's League II South-East | |||||
The north-east league area includes the state dance associations of Berlin, Brandenburg, Bremen, Hamburg (HATV), Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (TMV), Lower Saxony (NTV) and Schleswig-Holstein (TSH); the southern league area includes the state dance sport associations Baden-Württemberg (TBW), Bavaria (LTVB), Rhineland-Palatinate (TRP) and Saarland (SLT); the south-east league area includes the state dance associations of Hesse (HTV), Saxony (TVS), Saxony-Anhalt (TVSA) and Thuringia (TTSV); the West League area includes the North Rhine-Westphalia Dance Sports Association (TNW).
For some years now there have been competitions (ranking tournaments) in the solo, duo and small group competition types within the framework of the German Dance Sport Association (DTV). Six to twelve dancers start in a formation nationally and up to 24 internationally; a small group consists of three to seven dancers.
In the area of formations, German championships are held both in the youth area (all dancers under 16 years of age) and for the main group (no age limit). For the youth championship, qualification is based on the rankings of the youth association leagues and two regional championships, for the championship of the main group on the tournaments of the 1st and 2nd Bundesliga. A Deutschland Cup is held annually for the solo, duo and small group competitions as well as in the children's formations area (all dancers under 12 years of age). Competitions of the main group II (national: all dancers at least 25 years old / international: all dancers at least 30 years old) are still establishing themselves.
At the German Championships and Germany Cups, the starting places for the World Championships of the International Dance Organization (IDO), which take place annually and dance the tournament types jazz dance and modern dance - unlike in Germany - are allocated separately.
In 2012, the IDO World Championships Jazz Dance and Modern Dance as well as the World Cup Ballet were awarded to DTV as the host for the first time; they took place in the ball sports hall in Frankfurt am Main. Also in 2016 the IDO world championships of the named tournament types will be organized by the DTV; The Rittal Arena in Wetzlar is planned as the venue from October 25 to 30, 2016.
Scoring areas and scoring system
JMD formations, small groups, duos and solos have been rated in the German Dance Sport Association since the 2014 season in three evaluation areas:
- Presentation skills (charisma, presentation, synchronicity, interaction, teamwork in the group)
- Technique (correct movement, difficulty, fitness )
- Choreography (style, creativity, suspense).
Each judge awards one to ten points per starter in each evaluation area, whereby a number of points can be awarded several times. The evaluation is comparative and not (as in gymnastics) absolute.
Round handling of formation competitions: The judge adds the points for each formation. In the preliminary and intermediate rounds, he gives a cross to the formations with the highest scores based on the total. He must cross two thirds of all formations in a preliminary round, two thirds of all formations in intermediate rounds, but a maximum of six formations in the round. In the final round, he gives clear place numbers. The majority system decides who gets which placement.
Round processing solo, duo and small group competitions: The judge adds the points for each starter. In the preliminary and intermediate rounds, he gives a cross to the starters with the highest number of points based on the total. He must always cross half of all starters, but in an intermediate round to the final round, a maximum of six starters of the round. In the final round, he gives clear place numbers. The majority system decides who gets which placement.