Josefine Kramer

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Josefine Kramer (* December 24, 1906 in Tettnang ; † December 7, 1994 in Solothurn ) was a German - Swiss psychologist and curative teacher . She developed the Kramer intelligence test , named after her , to test the intellectual capabilities of toddlers and schoolchildren between the ages of three and fifteen as well as to clarify school difficulties.

Live and act

She was the oldest of seven children. The father, Johann Georg Kramer, was a painter and ran a small farm as extra income. The mother, Sofie Kramer, née Bucher, ran the household and was responsible for bringing up the children. Due to the family's weak financial situation, the talented girl was unable to complete a higher education. After all, after completing the seven-grade elementary school, she was allowed to attend the eighth grade of the Tettnang daughter's school. She then took on a job as a housemaid in Zurich :

The employer in the well-to-do house recognized Josefine's talent, made her their companion, took her on trips and did everything in her power to give the young girl the greatest possible intellectual horizon.

In Zurich, Kramer devoted himself to nursing. This awakened her interest in social pedagogy and began training at the welfare seminar of the Seraphische Liebeswerk Solothurn . On April 23, 1933, Kramer joined the Seraphisches Liebeswerk Solothurn sister community . She made her solemn promises on December 8, 1934.

Kramer, who had meanwhile acquired Swiss diplomas in curative education, education for the hard of hearing and speech therapy, studied psychology at the University of Friborg , where she later taught for over 25 years at the university's curative education institute . The scientist, who took Swiss citizenship in 1942, was the first honorary doctorate from the University of Friborg . In 1963 she was awarded an honorary doctorate.

Sr. Josefine taught psychology and pedagogy at the welfare seminar of the Seraphische Liebeswerk Solothurn (converted in 1969 into a school for social work , today Solothurn University of Applied Sciences in Northwestern Switzerland ). She was also active as a journalist, particularly in the field of developmental psychology and curative education. She was best known for her standard work Intelligenztest and for the Kramer test she developed and named after her .

Works (selection)

  • The stigmatism, Solothurn 1939
  • Binet-Simon-Kramer-Test for the 3rd - 15th year, Solothurn 1953
  • Intelligence test, Solothurn 1954
  • Lying children, in: Pedagogical World 1959 / H. 8, pp. 441-443
  • Good educators, Solothurn 1960
  • Left-handed, Solothurn 1961
  • Little child psychology for educators, Solothurn 1961
  • When children stammer, Solothurn 1965
  • Exercises for left-handed children and adolescents with psychomotor inhibition, Solothurn 1975

literature

  • Kathrin Huber / Anna-Katharina Egli: Agnes Gutter, Johanna Haups: Pionierinnen der Sozialpädagogik, Köniz 1995, p. 61 u. 114
  • Manfred Berger : Josefine Kramer - Your Life and Work, in: heilpaedagogik.de 2014 / H. 2, pp. 24-27

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.foerderkreis-heimatkunde.de/geschichte/lösungen/weiter-persoenitäten/dr-hc-josefine-kramer.php
  2. ↑ http://www.gem-sls.ch/
  3. ↑ cf. Huber / Egli 1995, p. 114
  4. ↑ http://www.testzentrale.ch/de/tests/tests-az/flexShow/testDetail/testUid/450/
personal data
SURNAME Kramer, Josefine
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Swiss psychologist and curative teacher
DATE OF BIRTH December 24, 1906
PLACE OF BIRTH Tettnang
DATE OF DEATH 7th December 1994
Place of death Solothurn