Youth counseling center

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A youth counseling center is personal professional or volunteer counseling sessions in consulting a service free or public youth welfare bodies with the approach vacate provide (or telephone service or online supply or, reaching out, an outreach and mobile) young people there to support advisory, where they are . It is an optional part of youth work with points of contact with youth professional assistance, street work, and educational and family counseling .

history

In the mid-1970s, social workers, educators and psychologists worked on concepts in various German locations - for example in Munich, Hanover, Frankfurt, Berlin and later in Herne - that did not recommend therapeutic help for young people, but rather professional development-accompanying advice with orientation aids. The services should be unbureaucratic, anonymous if desired, confidential and free of charge. The settlement of the first of these positions happened differently, once as part of youth work , e.g. B. in youth centers, then as part of the educational, youth and family counseling or independently as Beratungsbüro a dedicated outdoor carrier . Finally, there was also youth counseling in offices - such as the "family welfare male" or in one federal state the socio-educational care program of the senate administration "child and youth protection agency (female)". In Berlin (West) the advice centers of the "general youth counseling", the telephone counseling "Mondo X", "Schülerberatung Neukölln", "contact and advice center for Trebegänger", "conflict and educational counseling" and at the beginning of the 1980s the "Boje", " JOKER " (including legal advice), "NeUhland" (suicide-related), "Treberhilfe" and youth counseling from Pro Familia set up. Most had to close later, as the targeted lump sum financing was not continued.

Legal bases

Youth counseling is listed as sub-item 6 in § 11 (3) Eighth Book of the Social Security Code - "Focus on youth work". The wording allows, however, that a local youth welfare office or, on a subsidiary basis, a legitimate independent youth welfare agency or an inpatient facility can advise young people if they so wish. This approach of the "come structure" has rather not proven itself in dealing with minors and adolescents, especially not when other target groups are being advised in the same service (as in the educational center) or are even being looked after - as often as the parents or Criminal offenders in juvenile court assistance. In legal terms, § 11 is not a "target option"; the promotion offers (background: § 8 SGB ​​I) for youth work "are" to be made available. This obligation is based on § 3 (2) 2. only to the public youth welfare agencies. But "necessary" is a matter of discretion and a "child's right to development and development" has not been included in the Basic Law. The incomplete list of "focal points of youth work ..." also makes it clear that other offers would be good (e.g. in the context of so-called gender mainstreaming). There is no enforceable right to exclusive counseling facilities for older children, young people and adolescents. Finally, unlike in Sections 28–35 and in Section 41 of the Eighth Book of the Social Security Code, Section 11 specifically lacks the citizens entitled to benefits.

subjects

General youth counseling includes dealing with all topics that those affected present to the target group; however, some services delimit each other negatively, e.g. B. from drug counseling and vice versa, there are numerous youth counseling centers that almost exclusively provide drug counseling. Legal advice, debt counseling and migrant counseling are often excluded with reference to special services. The topics most frequently asked by young people are: Housing, arguments with (step-) parents, rights of minors, school conflicts, career advice, looking for training positions or jobs, social issues ( pocket money ), relationship crises, special psychological sensitivities and life crises, disputes in the Home, stress with the police (summons as a suspect or as a witness), religious conflicts, pregnancy conflicts and sexual issues.

The youth magazine Bravo with its Dr. Summer team deserves a mention. Because of the frequency of inquiries and qualified answers, it could be called the “largest youth counseling center in Germany” with a wink.

perspective

Youth counseling centers that are not dependent on the authorities and youth counseling services that reach beyond or reach out to them have no prospect in view of the budget situation of the municipalities. Today there are local youth welfare offices which, in the course of internal differentiation, also provide working groups "youth counseling" (often for 14 to 20 year olds) that keep records. Services outside the authorities will be located regionally and temporarily if the agencies support this and if special funds can be made available, from federal programs or lottery money, or from funding from Aktion Mensch and comparable project aids.

Mobile youth work / street work is always used in various federal states by local youth welfare offices when threats become visible or when, for example, B. the press diagnosed increasing delinquency in the problem area . The metropolises in particular are continuously supplied with street work; in the new federal states, such offers are often specifically geared towards the target group of right - wing extremism . In some regions, services are also proactively designed or implemented. The currently better known advice centers include "Mondo X" and BiB in Braunschweig as well as services in Düsseldorf, Freiburg, Karlsruhe, Rheine, Munich, Cologne, Leipzig, Cuxhaven, Neuss, Halle, Dortmund, Berlin (including the FRY ) and Oldenburg.

literature

  • Author group (Peter Schruth, Gerhold Strack and others): Locksmith. Guide to child and youth welfare , SPI, Berlin 1998
  • Friedrich K. Barabas: Consulting law. A guide for counseling, therapy and crisis intervention Fachhochschulverlag, Frankfurt 2003. ISBN 3-931297-95-0
  • Advisory guide. The advice centers (for children, adolescents, marriage, parents, families, pregnant women, AIDS and addiction) in Germany , Volume 1 (West) and Volume 2 (East); DAJEB (Ed.) Munich 1999
  • Sylvia Englert and Marie-Luise Kunst: The legal advisor for young people , Vienna 2005
  • Uwe Gluntz and a .: Youth counseling. Contributions to the critical practice of youth work . AJB, Berlin 1977
  • Manfred Günther u. Lilo Sudfeld: youth counseling as unbureaucratic orientation aid . In: Social Pedagogy , Issue 1, 1987
  • Manfred Günther: What actually is youth counseling - a must or just a luxury? , In: Heim und Erzieher , Zeitschrift, Hefte 1, 1999 and 2, 1999
  • Manfred Günther: Almost everything that is right for young people , Berlin 2003
  • Ulrike Hinrichs: To find right , Mühlheim 2009
  • Elke von der Haar: youth counseling . Wolters Kluwer, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-423-58029-1
  • Sigrun von Hasseln : The Youth Justice House 2000 . Berlin, Law and Society, 2000. ISBN 3-8311-0402-6

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ "New circular" from SenJugFamBerlin 1987, not online
  2. 3 historical JOKER concepts (PDF; 174 kB)
  3. Berlin lawyers advise free of charge ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / berliner-anwaltsverein.de
  4. BiB concept as download
  5. Jugendnetz / Promix-Adresse-Server, seen on November 30, 2010 at www.jugendnetz-berlin.de ( Memento of the original from November 25, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.jugendnetz-berlin.de