Julius Berthold

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Julius Berthold.jpg
Tongues milling machine from Julius Berthold
Geign floor grinding machine which was patented in 1904
Music typesetting machine

Julius Berthold (born February 18, 1845 in Oberseifersdorf ; † January 26, 1934 in Klingenthal ) was a German machine manufacturer.

Life

Julius Berthold completed an apprenticeship as a locksmith and first worked in the Chemnitz machine factory as an iron caster, locksmith and mechanical engineer, moved to Klingenthal-Brunndöbra in 1866 and became a partner in a forge. In 1870 he separated from his partner and was already producing machines for brass instrument manufacturers in Graslitz. From 1872 he was already delivering to Warsaw and St. Petersburg. The first tongue milling machine was delivered to the Ernst Leiterd company in Brunndöbra on August 17th, 1878. 120 of them were sold across Europe.

Julius Berthold's company not only supplied the entire Central European harmonica industry, but also the USA and Russia .

Gotthard Richter: "First of all, Berthold changed the numerous hand and foot punches with which reed plates were separated from zinc and brass plates and the reeds made from sheet brass and constructed more effective and easier-to-use lever presses."

The factory was rebuilt in 1880 and employed 40 workers. Another extension was made in 1886. Engineer William Tau became a partner in 1897 who then took over the company in 1902. In 1923 Julias Berthold lost his fortune due to post-war inflation.

Quote: "The domestic production of the harmonica industry in Klingenthal did not change due to the tremendous boom that the harmonica industry experienced from the special machines constructed by Julius Berthold. Until around 1870, harmonica and accordions were made with partly inadequate tools, including reeds and Even the rivet pins needed to attach them to the zinc or brass plates were hand-filed with small files. The greater demand for harmonicas, however, required higher productivity. The machinist Julius Berthold, who moved from a large company to Klingenthal and was born in Oberseifersdorf near Zittau in 1845, succeeded in this. ...] to construct lever and ball presses for the faster and cleaner production of the plate bodies, which he continuously improved. The plate lever press was replaced by the plate punching machine in 1882. However, Berthold's main merit was the development of the tongue milling machine The attempts made by him, as well as by a Graslitzer and a Stuttgart company to work the reeds with small planing machines, had failed, Berthold let a brass strip slide past a small, high-speed milling cutter and milled off as much of the edge of the strip as it used to Tongue was filed down. With a small eccentric press running next to the milling machine, the tongues were hacked out and the rivet holes were drilled into the tongue at the same time. On August 17, 1878, the machine was delivered to the Ernst Leiterd company in Brunndöbra. [...] Harmonica factory with water power put into operation. They immediately replaced 15 to 20 workers. In 1882 there were already 40 of these machines in Klingenthal and the surrounding area. In 1883 the daily production of reeds was 1,300,000 pieces. Berthold's company quickly developed into the most important machine factory in Klingenthal, brought out other special machines and supplied Graslitz, Markneukirchen, Vienna, Trossingen, Gera, Berlin, Nuremberg, Switzerland and Russia. In addition to the Berthold factory, several considerable locksmiths' shops were established, in which the most complex machines (pen-filing machines, mechanical feather leashes), devices, cuts and punches for the harmonica industry were designed and built. The low wages of the Klingenthal harmonica industry resulted in a constant migration of workers to better paying branches of industry and the enticement of good specialist workers to the harmonica factories in Thuringia, Magdeburg and Trossingen. The attempt of the Klingenthal industry in 1882 to retrain craftsmen who had become unemployed in Friedrichsgrün and Grünbach for housework in the harmonica industry with government support was unsuccessful. During the two world wars, the Klingenthal musical instrument industry was almost completely converted to war production. But after the wars, the old production quickly revived. A report by the Allgemeine Ortskrankenkasse Klingenthal und Umgebung from 1931 for the crisis years 1929 to 1931, in which the Klingenthal industry suffered particularly hard from unemployment (209.7 unemployed per 1,000 inhabitants), gives an approximate picture of the extent of the House trade. At the end of 1925, 2572 home businesses were insured with the local health insurance fund.

Quote: "The machine factory JULIUS Berthold & Co. The machine factory Julius Berthold gained great importance for the Vogtland musical instrument trade. Berthold, a trained machine fitter, came to Klingenthal in 1867 and set up a metalworking shop in today's Talstrasse, which was quickly enlarged and expanded . The founder and his successor William Thau, a bridge construction engineer from Upper Silesia who took over the company at the turn of the century, designed and built special machines for the most varied branches of musical instrument production. A reed milling machine developed by Berthold revolutionized the production of reeds, which until then had been made with the Hand scissors had to be cut out and then filed in. And a violin back and top milling machine invented by Thau would actually have been able to rationalize violin production from the ground up en to be worked out. A single machine produced 42 floors or ceilings milled on one side or 21 on both sides every day and the work process was so largely mechanized that one worker could operate three machines at the same time. Thau brought the machine, patented on November 3rd, 1904, as a shareholder in the corporation for violin industry founded in Markneukirchen in 1906, which was intended for the economic exploitation of this invention. It should eliminate the dependence of the Vogtland violin makers on the delivery of boxes from Schönbach (Luby). However, despite the performance of the machine, this goal was not achieved for several reasons. On the one hand, there were reservations about “factory violins”, and on the other hand, the Schönbacher boxmakers, for whom the sale of their products on this side of the border was a question of life, succeeded in remaining victorious in the fight against the machine and the price of the machine-made boxes sold by the Aktiengesellschaft für Geigenindustrie, which was sold for 1.20 marks before the First World War, was to be undercut. "

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Exact life data of Julius Berthold In: www.familienarchiv-fuchs.de
  2. ↑ Willi Gorzny (Ed.): German biographical general register. Volume 3: Bern-Bonzon. Gorzny, Pullach 2009, ISBN 978-3-924276-21-8 .
  3. ↑ , Berthold, Julius. In: www.klausrohwer.de
  4. ↑ a b Christoph Wagner: The accordion . Ed .: Transit-Verlag. 1993, ISBN 3-88747-088-5 .
  5. ^ A b Walter Weller: Chronicle around the Aschberg. Ed .: Wir-Verlag. 1991, ISBN 3-924492-59-X .
  6. ↑ Berthold, Julius. ( Memento of the original from May 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: www.musiker-laden.de @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.musiker-laden.de
  7. ↑ Kurt Kauert: The music angle and the harmonica, Kurt Kauert . Ed .: Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft Marienberg mbH. ISBN 3-931770-28-1 , pp. 94 .
  8. ^ Gotthard Richter: Handbook for musicians and instrument makers . Ed .: Fachbuchverl., 1990. ISBN 3-343-00520-7 .
  9. ↑ [1]

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Berthold, Julius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German machine manufacturer
DATE OF BIRTH February 18, 1845
PLACE OF BIRTH Oberseifersdorf
DATE OF DEATH January 26, 1934
Place of death Klingenthal