Jurino beef
The Jurinoer cattle ( Russian Юринская , transcribed Jurinskaja ) is a dual -purpose cattle breed from Russia .
Breeding history
Originally the breed was bred in the area of today's Gornomarijski and Jurino Rajons in Mari El from local Chuvash Mari cattle , into which Tyrolean gray cattle and later Brown-Swiss were crossed for almost a hundred years . The Gorbatow Red Cattle also had an influence on the breed. At the end of the 19th century there were also Braunvieh , Fleckvieh , German Black Holstein of old breeding direction , and Cholmogory cattleand other breeds crossed. From 1908 the Jurino cattle were only purebred. In 1917 the state took over the supervision of breeding. In 1934 a herd book was introduced. In 1941 the Jurino cattle was officially recognized as a dual-purpose breed.
Characteristics
- Breed not very homogeneous
- Color brown or red in many shades, sometimes white spots on the lower abdomen and legs
- Head light but compact; short face; protruding back of the head
- Horns small, thin, mostly light with black tips
- Neck broad and straight, large dewlap
- Straight and prominent withers
- back straight
- Loin broad, straight, but often roof-shaped
- Raised croup, hind legs far apart, tail set high
- Udder medium-sized with even quarters; Teats large and widely spaced; clear udder veins
- Skin loose, elastic; Fur soft
- Weight cows 480 - 500 kg, bulls 650 - 700 kg
- Milk yield 2,500 - 3,000 kg with 3.8 - 4.2% fat, good lifetime production
- Disease resistance to leukosis , tuberculosis and brucellosis
Occurrence
Jurino cattle are only found in the Gornomarijski district in Mari El. The population decreased from 46,000 in 1974 to 3,500 in 1983.