King tit
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| King tit | ||||||||||||
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King tit |
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| Machlolophus spilonotus | ||||||||||||
| ( Bonaparte , 1850) |
The king tit ( Machlolophus spilonotus ) is an approx. 14 centimeter tall representative of the tit family .
Appearance
The birds have black back plumage, with white and yellow spots on the wings. The belly is black in front and yellow in the back. The throat, beak, tail, and legs are black. The head is yellow and has a black hood. Noticeable is a thick black stripe behind the eye. The top of the tail is black and the underside is colored white.
Distribution and way of life
The king tit lives in the tropical forests, mountain forests, from Nepal to southern China . They look for food like insects in the canopy of high trees, they rarely come down to the ground.
Reproduction
They often lay their nests in tree hollows, but sometimes in cavities in old masonry or in rocks. The clutch usually comprises 4–5 eggs, rarely more. The breeding period is up to two weeks, after which the young spend up to three weeks in the nest and are taken care of by both parents with insects and their larvae.
Hazards and protective measures
Due to its widespread distribution and the fact that no threats are known for this species, it is classified by the IUCN as ( Least Concern ) not endangered.
Subspecies
There are four known subspecies:
- Machlolophus spilonotus spilonotus ( Bonaparte , 1850) - The nominate form occurs in eastern Nepal and north-east India to north and west Myanmar and south-west China .
- Machlolophus spilonotus subviridis ( Blyth , 1855) - This subspecies occurs from northeast India to south and east Myanmar, north Thailand and south-central China.
- Machlolophus spilonotus rex ( David , 1874) - This subspecies is found in southern and southeastern China, and in northern and central Indochina .
- Machlolophus spilonotus basileus Delacour , 1932 - This subspecies is common in southern Indochina.
literature
- The great encyclopedia of birds . S. 299, 301 (German translation from English) Orbis Verlag, 1996, ISBN 3-572-00810-7
- Christopher M. Perrins (Ed.): The FSVO encyclopedia birds of the world. Translated from the English by Einhard Bezzel. BLV, Munich / Vienna / Zurich 2004, ISBN 978-3-405-16682-3 , pp. 550-553 (title of the English original edition: The New Encyclopedia Of Birds. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2003).
- Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte : Conspectus generum avium . tape 1 . EJ Brill, Leiden 1850 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
- Edward Blyth: Capt. SR Tickell, Maulmein. A collection of bird-skins from the mountainous interior of the Tennaserim provinces. In: The journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal . tape 24 , no. 3 , 1855, p. 266-281 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
- Jean Pierre Armand David: Description de Quelques Oiseaux de Chine . In: Annales des sciences naturelles, Zoologie et Paleonthologie comprenant l'Anatomie, la Physiologie. la Classification et l'Histoire naturelles des animaux (= 4 ). tape 19 , no. 9 , 1874, pp. 1-5 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
- Jean Théodore Delacour: Études systématique de quelques oiseaux nouveaux ou intéressants obtenus par la VIe expédition en Indochine . In: L'Oiseau et la Revue francaise d'ornithologie (= Nouvelle Série ). tape 2 , 1932, p. 419-438 ( gallica.bnf.fr ).
Web links
- Machlolophus spilonotus onthe IUCN 2016 Red List of Threatened Species . Posted by: BirdLife International, 2016. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
- BirdLife International: Species Factsheet - Yellow-cheeked Tit ( Machlolophus spilonotus ) . Retrieved December 16, 2016.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings of Yellow-cheeked Tit (Parus spilonotus) in the Internet Bird Collection
- King Tit ( Machlolophus spilonotus ) at Avibase; accessed on December 16, 2016.
- Parus spilonotus in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved December 16, 2016.
- xeno-canto: Sound recordings - Yellow-cheeked Tit ( Machlolophus spilonotus )