Küterhäuser (Lübeck)
The Küterhäuser were Lübeck's slaughterhouses .
location
The caretakers' houses were on the Wakenitz , in front of the city wall below Fleischhauerstrasse . The cattle gate formed the entrance to the slaughterhouses.
The location of the slaughterhouses built as pile dwellings close to the banks over the river is no longer recognizable today due to the backfill during the construction of the Elbe-Lübeck Canal , but corresponds roughly to the current properties at Fleischhauerstraße 116/118.
history
The oldest written mention of the Küterhäuser comes from the register of the city's income from 1262, where the domus kuterorum super Wokenitz appears. As in many cities of the Middle Ages one was in Lübeck battle forced : The Butchers' Guild , the meat on the Fleischschrangen at the Broad Street wanted to sell, had to bring the space provided livestock to Küterhäusern, where the Kütern was slaughtered and cut. The bonecutters themselves were not allowed to do this; they were only allowed to sell the meat, dividing it into smaller quantities.
For easy disposal of the slaughterhouse waste, the Küterhäuser were erected on stilts above the Wakenitz; the remains of the slaughtered animals were thrown into the water through hatches so that the current of the river carried them away. The small houses of the Küter were close to the Küter houses, but were built on solid ground on a headland. Wooden bridges connected the bank in front of the cattle gate with the slaughterhouses; In 1809 these bridges were replaced by a heaped dam with a paved path.
Originally the Küterhäuser were owned by the city, which levied an annual usage fee of 10 marks from the Küter . At a time that can no longer be determined, the buildings became the property of the Küter. The houses, however, had always been the private property of the Küter.
The Lübeck cityscape by Elias Diebel shows the Küterhäuser in 1552 as simple wooden buildings, and later images also show that the buildings were only made as simple half-timbered houses until the end.
Although the Wakenitz in the area of the Küterhäuser was used for drinking water extraction and the carcass parts, which were only slowly carried away by the sluggish current, made the water malodorous and hazardous to health, relocation of the slaughterhouses was not considered either after the brewing water art was built in the late 13th century or after the civil water art was commissioned in 1533 drawn.
In 1875 the old compulsory slaughter and the Küter privileges in Lübeck were lifted; the city bought the Küterhäuser and the outbuildings and had them demolished the following year.
literature
- Office for the Preservation of Monuments of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck (Ed.): The architectural and art monuments of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck. Volume I, Part 2: City Hall and public buildings of the city . Max Schmidt-Römhild publishing house, Lübeck 1974