Imperial-royal
The term imperial-royal (short , kk k k, KK.. Or KK ; kaiserl.-royal. Or imperial royal.. ) Stood in the Austrian monarchy to the Austro-Hungarian Compromise in 1867 for the authorities and government facilities throughout the empire. The abbreviation was already in use from the 18th century. The first k. (for imperial) stood for the title of Roman-German Emperor , from 1804 for the title of Emperor of Austria . The second k. (for royal) stood for the title of King of Hungary .
After the equalization, in what was now the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy , the abbreviation k referred to. k. only the western half of the empire ( Cisleithania , Old Austria ) of the 1867 Dual Monarchy called Real Union . The first k. (for imperial) continued to stand for the title Kaiser von Österreich , the second k. (for royal) now stood for the title of King of Bohemia , which the emperor wielded in personal union. After the equalization, the name k. u. k. (imperial and royal) , which designated the common authorities and state institutions of both halves of the empire. With the k in front of the corresponding terms and names . u. k. is the second k. (royal) again for the title of King of Hungary. In the Common Army the abbreviation was k. k. but also used illegally until 1889. Since the names k. u. k. and k. k. refer to different state structures, a distinction must be made between them.
The spellings K. K. and k. k. are both contemporary (the first is more formal in the sense of a salutation), as is the variant kk (without a gap).
The abbreviation h, which is often found in central ministries . k. k. means "high imperial-royal [...]", so in "h. k. k. Ministry of Culture and Education ”,“ h. k. k. Lieutenancy for Tyrol and Vorarlberg "," h. k. k. Ministry of Trade and Economics "etc.
| German | Hungarian | Czech | Slovenian | Croatian | Polish | Romanian | Italian |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KK | Cs. Kir. | CK | cc | IR | |||
| császári-királyi | císařsko-královský | cesarsko-kraljevi | carsko-kraljevski | cesarsko-królewski | chezaro-crăiesc | Imperial Regio | |
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kakanien in numbers. taz.de, accessed on February 7, 2020 .
- ↑ Vincenz M Gredler, Vital Franzelin: VIII. Program of the Imperial and Royal High School in Bozen . 1858, OCLC 36715650 , p. 54 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ A. Ozlberger, P. Riepl: program of the imperial. royal High school in Linz for the years 1859/60 . Feichting, Linz 1860, p. 41 ( limited preview in Google Book search).