Cold cleaner
Cold cleaners are mixtures of different organic solvents that are used for degreasing and cleaning workpieces, car parts and the like. Ä. Are suitable.
They are water-clear or yellowish, there are also colored and / or perfumed cold cleaners. Cold cleaners dissolve oils, fats, tar, bitumen, plastics, resins and paints.
In common parlance, cold cleaners are not pure halogenated hydrocarbons and volatile solvents like gasoline . Inorganic acidic or alkaline cleaners are also not referred to as cold cleaners; they are usually used warm.
They can contain different components:
- water
- Alcohols
- Halogenated hydrocarbons
- Ketones
- other hydrocarbons (petrol)
- inorganic admixtures such as alkalis and acids
- Dyes and fragrances
Occupational safety
Cold cleaners are often viewed as “safety cleaners” because they are less dangerous than chemicals like trichloroethane or gasoline. Poisoning can occur, especially if swallowed. Mucous membrane and skin contact can lead to irritation, regular skin contact degreases the skin and promotes skin diseases. It is therefore necessary to wear adequate personal protective equipment, such as protective skin cream or gloves, protective goggles, respiratory protection or protective clothing, depending on the manufacturer's safety instructions and the conditions of use.
Cold cleaners can be fire and explosive. When heated, components of the cold cleaner can decompose and form toxic gases.
recycling
The recycling of soiled cold cleaners is made more difficult by the fact that they are mixtures of various short and long-chain organic substances and by the fact that they contain additional organic and inorganic contaminants after use. Simple reuse after processing by distillation, as is possible with gasoline or tetra, is therefore out of the question.
After a mostly multi-stage mechanical separation and filtering, a two-stage or multi-stage vacuum distillation takes place to separate easily and hardly volatile components. Thereafter, treatment with sulfuric acid and neutralization to remove organic components can take place.
Depending on the composition of the cold cleaner, some of its constituents may have to be added again because they have also been separated out.
Wolfgang Brommer-Reuss has developed a method of cold cleaning polluted by distillation a diesel fuel to produce.
Individual evidence
- ↑ qvf.com: Processing of cold cleaners ( Memento of October 7, 2008 in the Internet Archive ).
- ↑ wdr.de: Kaltreiniger instead of Diesel ( memento from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) from March 19, 2002.