Karmadharaya

Karmadharaya (कर्मधारय karmadhāraya ) is a term from Sanskrit grammar that denotes a certain type of compound . In linguistic terminology, a Karmadharaya is an endocentric determinative compound . Here, the final link is determined more closely by the front link , whereby, in contrast to the Tatpurusha, there is no case relationship between the two components. Rather, the front link represents an attribute , a comparative object or an apposition to the final link. In German, the Karmadharaya compounds correspond to formations such as “red wine” (instead of “red wine”).

There are four sub-types of Karmadharaya:

• Adjective and noun . Here, the front link functions as an attribute to the final link: महाराज mahā-rāja "great king" = "great king".
• Noun and adjective. Here the front link functions as a comparison object to the final link: मेघश्याम megha-śyāma "cloud black" = "black as a cloud".
• Adjective and adjective. The relationship between the fore and final link is coordinative: पीतरक्त pīta-rakta "yellow-red" = "yellow and red"
• Noun and noun: Here the fore link is in apposition to the final link: मेघदूत megha-dūta "cloud messenger" = "a messenger who is a cloud". A comparison is often expressed here: कन्यारत्न kanyā-ratna "girl's jewel" = "a jewel that is [actually] a girl" ≈ "a girl like a jewel".

Also the formation with alpha privativum (the negative prefix अ a- or अन् Toggle , z. B. अकृत a-Krta "undone") are counted in Sanskrit to the Karmadharaya-compounds. A special type of Karmadharaya is the Dvigu compound , in which the front link consists of a numeric word.

literature

• Adolf Friedrich Stenzler : Elementary book of the Sanskrit language. 19th, through u. verb. Berlin, New York: De Gruyter, 2003.