Kasymer uprising
The Kasymer Uprising ( Russian Казымское восстание ) was a rebellion of the Khanty people of Western Siberia against the collectivization policy of the Soviet government in the years 1931-34. The uprising is after the place Kasym on the river of the same name in the autonomous district of the Khanty and Mansi . Some sources speak of insurrections, mostly with a series of events from 1931 onwards, and some half-hearted attempts by the Soviet government to appease, which ultimately resulted in the violent crackdown in 1933 and the repression of 1934.
background
In the 1930s, the town of Kasym on the river of the same name was established by the government as a "Kultbasa" (cultural base). According to the theory, a cult basa should accustom the chanters to sedentary village life, including its amenities in the form of schools, hospitals, shops and others. As a result of the attempt to collectivize the indigenous peoples and settle them in controllable settlements, many Chanten left their places of residence in the forest. Others were forcibly relocated. In addition, the Chantic children were forced to attend boarding schools like the one in Kasym and were removed from their families for years for this purpose, and were forbidden to use their mother tongue and practice the customs of their people.
Parallel to this development, traditional leaders were declared " kulaks " by the state , arrested and executed. As a result, there was a revolt in 1933 with the support of the forest borders , which became known as the Kasym Uprising. The uprising was concentrated around the village of Kasym and was crushed after several weeks by the Red Army , which allegedly slaughtered dozens of villagers and burned their houses. The uprising was the last militant resistance of indigenous peoples of Siberia against Soviet rule.
After that, participation in the bear festival or other chantic rites was threatened with ten years imprisonment. Bear hunting was banned and everything associated with Khanty culture, including holy places, shrines and cemeteries, was destroyed.
It was not until the 1980s, during the glasnost policy under Mikhail Gorbachev , that these bans were relaxed.
In literature and film
Jeremei Aipin ( Russian Еремей Айпин ), a writer chan genetic origin, wrote a novel called The Mother of God in the bloody snow ( Russian "Божья матерь в кровавых снегах" ), which was published in 2002 and the basis for the film The Khanty-Saga ( Russian Сага о Хантах ) from 2008. The novel describes the uprising in literary form.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Казымские восстания 1931–1934 гг.
- ↑ Актер Русского театра снялся в киносаге о хантах ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. December 8th 2008, Finno-Ugor national center.
